Linking the morphology of fluvial fan systems to aquifer stratigraphy in the Sutlej-Yamuna plain of northwest India
Linking the morphology of fluvial fan systems to aquifer stratigraphy in the Sutlej-Yamuna plain of northwest India
复制标题
将印度西北部萨特莱杰-亚穆纳平原河流扇系统的形态与含水层地层联系起来
DOI：
10.1002/2015jf003720
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Van Dijk W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Van Dijk W
印度-恒河前陆盆地拥有世界上最高的地下水开采率，主要集中在印度西北部的旁遮普和哈里亚纳邦。要评估抽取对地下水变化的影响，就必须了解冲积含水层的几何形状和沉积结构，而这又是由地貌和沉积环境决定的。为了评估含水层系统的整体结构，我们使用卫星图像和数字高程模型来绘制Sutlej和Yamuna扇系统的地貌图，同时使用243口威尔斯井（延伸至200米深）评估含水层几何形状。由Sutlej和Yamuna扇地下桑迪河道体形成的含水层的中位厚度分别为7 m和6 m，并遵循厚尾厚度分布。这些分布，沿着与证据的持久性，在含水层分数确定补偿分析，表明持久的重新占用的通道位置，并建议，主要含水层包括堆叠，多层通道机构。个别钻孔中含水层材料的百分比下降风扇，虽然指数的含水层体厚度分布保持相似，表明含水层体的总数下降风扇，但个别机构不薄明显，特别是在亚穆纳风扇。扇间区和扇缘区的含水层较薄，含水层物质所占比例较低，即使在邻近地区也是如此。我们的结论是，地貌设置提供了一个一阶控制的厚度，几何形状和堆叠模式的含水层体在这个关键区域。
The Indo‐Gangetic foreland basin has some of the highest rates of groundwater extraction in the world, focused in the states of Punjab and Haryana in northwest India. Any assessment of the effects of extraction on groundwater variation requires understanding of the geometry and sedimentary architecture of the alluvial aquifers, which in turn are set by their geomorphic and depositional setting. To assess the overall architecture of the aquifer system, we used satellite imagery and digital elevation models to map the geomorphology of the Sutlej and Yamuna fan systems, while aquifer geometry was assessed using 243 wells that extend to ∼200 m depth. Aquifers formed by sandy channel bodies in the subsurface of the Sutlej and Yamuna fans have a median thickness of 7 and 6 m, respectively, and follow heavy‐tailed thickness distributions. These distributions, along with evidence of persistence in aquifer fractions as determined from compensation analysis, indicate persistent reoccupation of channel positions and suggest that the major aquifers consist of stacked, multistoried channel bodies. The percentage of aquifer material in individual boreholes decreases down fan, although the exponent on the aquifer body thickness distribution remains similar, indicating that the total number of aquifer bodies decreases down fan but that individual bodies do not thin appreciably, particularly on the Yamuna fan. The interfan area and the fan marginal zone have thinner aquifers and a lower proportion of aquifer material, even in proximal locations. We conclude that geomorphic setting provides a first‐order control on the thickness, geometry, and stacking pattern of aquifer bodies across this critical region.