High-monounsaturated-fat diets for patients with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis
High-monounsaturated-fat diets for patients with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/67.3.577s
复制
发表时间：
1998-03-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Garg, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garg, A
美国糖尿病协会最新的营养立场声明建议了一种个性化的营养方法，该方法基于每个患者的营养评估和预期结果，并考虑到患者的偏好和对高血糖和血脂异常的控制。为了实现这些营养目标，可以建议低饱和脂肪、高碳水化合物饮食或高单不饱和脂肪饮食。对不同研究的荟萃分析比较了这两种饮食治疗方法对2型糖尿病患者的影响，结果显示，高单一不饱和脂肪饮食改善了脂蛋白谱和血糖控制。高单一不饱和脂肪饮食使空腹血浆三酰甘油和极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度分别降低19%和22%，并导致高密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度适度增加，而不会对低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度产生不利影响。此外，没有证据表明，在控制能量摄入的情况下，高单不饱和脂肪饮食会导致糖尿病患者体重增加。因此，富含顺式单不饱和脂肪的饮食对试图保持或减肥的1型或2型糖尿病患者都是有利的。
The most recent position statement on nutrition from the American Diabetes Association recommends an individualized approach to nutrition that is based on the nutritional assessment and desired outcomes of each patient and that takes into consideration patient preferences and control of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia. To achieve these nutritional goals, either low-saturated-fat; high-carbohydrate diets or high-monounsaturated-fat diets can be advised. A meta-analysis of various stud ies comparing these two approaches to diet therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes revealed that high-monounsaturated-fat diets improve lipoprotein profiles as well as glycemic control. High-monounsaturated-fat diets reduce fasting plasma triacylglycerol and VLDL-cholesterol concentrations by 19% and 22%, respectively, and cause a modest increase in HDL-cholesterol concentrations without adversely affecting LDL-cholesterol concentrations. Furthermore, there is no evidence that high-monounsaturated-fat diets induce weight gain in patients with diabetes mellitus provided that energy intake is controlled. Therefore, a diet rich in cis-monounsaturated fat can be advantageous for both patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes who are trying to maintain or lose weight.