Individual behavioral phenotypes: an integrative meta-theoretical framework. Why "behavioral syndromes" are not analogs of "personality".
Individual behavioral phenotypes: an integrative meta-theoretical framework. Why "behavioral syndromes" are not analogs of "personality".
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DOI：
10.1002/dev.20544
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发表时间：
2011-03
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
J. Uher
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Uher
动物研究人员对个体行为差异越来越感兴趣。它们被解释为行为策略上的有意义的差异，随着时间和背景的稳定，适应性的，可遗传的，并受到自然选择的影响，引发了新的理论发展。然而，用于探索行为数据的分析方法仍然针对群体层面的现象，而适合于分析个人行为的统计方法很少应用。我讨论了基本的调查原则和分析方法，以探索个人行为差异是否真的有意义，以什么方式，以及在什么情况下。我详细阐述了共同理论概念背后的元理论思想，并将它们整合到一个总体的元理论和方法论框架中。这解开了共性和差异，并表明类比人类人格概念的假设并不总是合理的，一些理论发展可能是基于方法论的人工制品。然而，我的结果也为动物行为研究的新理论发展指明了可能的方向。
Animal researchers are increasingly interested in individual differences in behavior. Their interpretation as meaningful differences in behavioral strategies stable over time and across contexts, adaptive, heritable, and acted upon by natural selection has triggered new theoretical developments. However, the analytical approaches used to explore behavioral data still address population-level phenomena, and statistical methods suitable to analyze individual behavior are rarely applied. I discuss fundamental investigative principles and analytical approaches to explore whether, in what ways, and under which conditions individual behavioral differences are actually meaningful. I elaborate the meta-theoretical ideas underlying common theoretical concepts and integrate them into an overarching meta-theoretical and methodological framework. This unravels commonalities and differences, and shows that assumptions of analogy to concepts of human personality are not always warranted and that some theoretical developments may be based on methodological artifacts. Yet, my results also highlight possible directions for new theoretical developments in animal behavior research.