Therapy for Condyloma Acuminatum: A Review
Therapy for Condyloma Acuminatum: A Review
复制标题
尖锐湿疣的治疗：回顾
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Margolis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Margolis
尖锐湿疣（生殖器疣）是一种性传播疾病，其病变表现为生殖器、直肠和/或脚折痕内或周围的菜花样生长。这种疾病是由乳头状瘤病毒（属于疱疹组的 DNA 病毒）引起的。生殖器疣病毒在形态上与皮肤疣病毒相似。五种不同的人乳头状瘤病毒可能导致生殖器疣的形成[1]。疣病毒侵入细胞（在性交过程中发生的微观程度的创伤的帮助下），进入细胞核，复制并释放病毒颗粒，这是新病变的来源。潜伏期约为一至两个月，但目前已确认潜伏期为八至九个月。人们对尖锐湿疣的生长知之甚少。温暖和潮湿会加速疣的生长。细胞介导的免疫缺陷可能使人容易患疣。怀孕也会加速疣的生长。会发生自发的退化，尤其是在产后的女性中。流行病学上，尖锐湿疣是一种以性传播方式传播的传染病。尖锐湿疣的年龄和性别分布与淋病相似。 50% 到 70% 的暴露 [2] 性伴侣患有或正在发展生殖器疣。尖锐湿疣感染与其他性传播疾病之间的关联已有充分记录。 20%至25%的患有尖锐湿疣的女性还患有淋病和/或滴虫病，并且尖锐湿疣患者还可能患有梅毒和衣原体感染。在患有肛周疣的同性恋男性中，观察到并发淋球菌或梅毒感染。此外，报告表明疣的转移性变化会出现 Buschke-Lowenstein 肿瘤、宫颈肿瘤 [3-7] 和肛周恶性肿瘤 [8]。
Condyloma acuminatum (genital warts) is a sexually transmitted disease in which the lesions appear as cauliflower-like growths in or around the genitals, rectum, and/or crural creases. This disease is caused by papilloma viruses (DNA viruses belonging to the herpes group). Genital wart viruses are morphologically similar to skin wart viruses. Five distinct human papilloma viruses may be responsible for genital wart formation [1]. The wart virus invades cells (assisted by the microscopic degree of trauma occurring during coitus), enters the nucleus, replicates, and sheds viral particles, which are the source of new lesions. The incubation period is approximately one to two months, but eightto nine-month incubation periods have been recognized. The growth of condylomata acuminata is poorly understood. Warmth and moisture accelerate the growth of warts. Defects in cell-mediated immunity may predispose people to the development of warts. Pregnancy can also accelerate wart growth. Spontaneous regressions occur, especially in women postpartum. Epidemiologically, condyloma acuminatum is an infectious disease with a sexual mode of transmission. Genital warts have age and sex distributions similar to those of gonorrhea. Between 50% and 70% of exposed [2] sexual partners have or develop genital warts. The association between genital wart infection and other sexually transmitted diseases is well documented. Between 20%o and 25%o of women with genital warts also have gonorrhea and/or trichomoniasis, and patients with genital warts also may have syphilis and chlamydial infections. In homosexual men with perianal warts, concurrent gonococcal or syphilitic infection has been observed. Moreover, reports have indicated metastatic changes in warts with the appearance of Buschke-Lowenstein tumors, cervical neoplasia [3-7], and perianal malignancies [8].