A NOTE ON THE PHARMACOLOGY OF ASPIDOSPERMINE
A NOTE ON THE PHARMACOLOGY OF ASPIDOSPERMINE
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DOI：
10.1111/j.2042-7158.1955.tb12004.x
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发表时间：
1955-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
LEWIS, JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
BANERJEE, JN;LEWIS, JJ
Aspidosperma quirandy Hassler '，A.南方穆尔。精氨酸，z A。quebrachoblanco S~ hlecht，A.多神经元穆尔。阿古s和Vallesia gl~ bra.~-~~蜘蛛精胺的化学性质已引起人们的注意。在早期关于蜘蛛精胺药理学的报道中存在一些意见冲突。Cowl 7研究了白坚木树皮的四种主要生物碱（白坚木碱、盾叶雀胺、白坚木胺和盾叶雀胺）的药理学，并报告说盾叶雀胺引起血压迅速和明显下降，然后缓慢上升，但没有恢复到以前的水平。这种效应是由于内脏和肢体血管扩张所致，并且是血管源性的。个别生物碱都引起呼吸速率和深度的增加。兔子和青蛙的心跳都变慢变弱了。肠运动刺激小剂量;较大剂量引起较少的刺激，在这个阶段既不刺激迷走神经，也不注射毛果芸香碱引起痉挛。肾上腺素的作用降低，但对钡的反应不变。FlorianP发现，阿匹多索胺盐酸盐引起动脉高血压、外周血管收缩、利尿以及呼吸深度和频率的增加。Cowl 7使用去脑青蛙，通过主动脉灌注，注意到对血管的收缩作用。Aspidospermine已作为硫酸盐、盐酸盐或柠檬酸盐用于治疗各种形式的呼吸困难和哮喘。根据国家标准配药处（1905）z 0的描述，它或者是商品化的aspidospermine，其主要是白色白坚木树皮的六种生物碱的混合物，或者是从前者的混合物中获得的纯化的弱碱，并且在205 ℃熔化。同一来源指出，红白坚木经常被白坚木替代，而且经常遇到两种树皮的混合物。在这种情况下，关于该药物治疗价值的报告之间存在巨大差异并不值得注意。这也可以解释药理学家使用不同的蜘蛛精碱生物碱样品所获得的不同结果。我们非常幸运地得到了圣安德鲁斯大学的奥彭肖博士和G。F.北斯塔福德郡大学学院的史密斯。该样品的熔点为210至211.5 ℃。
Aspidosperma quirandy Hassler', A. australe Mull. Arg., z A. quebrachoblanco S~ hlecht,~-~, A. polyneuron Mull. Arg. s and Vallesia gl~ bra.~-~~ The chemistry of aspidospermine has received some attenti0n~ l~~ tl5J6. There is some conflict of opinion in the earlier reports on the pharmacology of aspidospermine. Cowl7 studied the pharmacology of the four principal alkaloids of Quebracho bark (quebrachine, aspidospermine, quebrachamine and aspidosamine), and reported that aspidospermine caused a rapid and well marked fall in the blood pressure which then rose slowly, but did not return again to its former level. This effect was due to a dilatation of the splanchic and limb vessels and was of vasomotor origin. The individual alkaloids all caused an increase in the rate and depth of respiration. There was slowing and weakening of the heart beat of the rabbit and the frog. Intestinal movements were stimulated by small doses; larger doses caused less stimulation and at this stage neither stimulation of the vagus, nor injection of pilocarpine caused peristalsis. The effects of adrenaline were reduced, but the response to barium was unchanged. FlorianP found that aspidospermine hydrochloride caused arterial hypertension, peripheral vasoconstriction, diuresis and an increase in the depth and frequency of respiration. Cowl7, using decerebrated frogs, perfused through the aorta, had noted a constrictor effect upon the blood vessels.Aspidospermine has been used as the sulphate, hydrochloride or citrate in the treatment of various forms of dyspncea and asthmalg. It is described by the National Standard Dispensatory (1905) z0 as being either commercial aspidospermine, which is mostly a mixture of six alkaloids of white quebracho bark, or a purified weak base obtained from the former mixture, and melting at 205" C. The same sourcezo points out that red quebracho is often substituted for quebracho and that a mixture of the two barks is often encountered. In these circumstances, it was not remarkable that there were wide discrepancies between reports on the therapeutic value of the drug. This may also explain the differing results obtained by pharmacologists using different samples of aspidospermine alkaloid. We have been very fortunate in obtaining an authentic sample of aspidospermine through the courtesy of Dr. Openshaw of the University of St. Andrews, and Dr. G. F. Smith of the University College of North Staffordshire. The melting point of this sample is 210 to 21 1.5" C.