Oral irritant properties of menthol - Sensitizing and desensitizing effects of repeated application and cross-desensitization to nicotine
Oral irritant properties of menthol - Sensitizing and desensitizing effects of repeated application and cross-desensitization to nicotine
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DOI：
10.1016/s0031-9384(01)00431-0
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发表时间：
2001-05-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Carstens, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dessirier, JM;O'Mahony, M;Carstens, E
薄荷醇的刺激性及其与尼古丁的相互作用在人类受试者中进行了精神病学研究。在第一个实验中，0.3%的L-薄荷醇连续施加到舌头的一侧10次，间隔为1分钟（30秒的刺激间隔，ISI），受试者评价刺激的强度。刺激强度在试验中逐渐降低，与脱敏一致。为了测试薄荷醇对尼古丁诱发的刺激的交叉脱敏，在薄荷醇应用结束后5分钟，将尼古丁（0.6%）同时应用于舌头的两侧。使用两个替代的被迫选择（2-AFC）的范例，也通过获得独立的评级的刺激强度的每一侧的舌头，它被发现，尼古丁诱发的刺激显着较弱的薄荷醇预处理侧。为了控制可能的冷却混杂效应，仅在薄荷醇的冷却感觉消退后才双侧应用尼古丁。尼古丁引起的刺激仍然显着较弱的薄荷醇预处理的一面，与尼古丁引起的刺激薄荷醇的交叉脱敏。在最后的实验中，薄荷醇以较短（20秒）的间隔（5秒ISI）重复施加到舌头的一侧，并在初始试验中引起刺激性感觉的快速增加，与致敏一致，随后在随后的试验中刺激性逐渐减少（脱敏）。休息5分钟后，确认了自我脱敏。重复应用薄荷醇在相同的短ISI，然后恢复，并导致刺激强度的显着平均增加与刺激诱导的恢复（SIR）。(C)2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
The irritant properties of menthol and its interactions with nicotine were investigated psychophysically in human subjects. In the first experiment, 0.3% L-menthol was applied successively to one side of the tongue 10 times at a 1-min interval (30-s interstimulus interval, ISI), and subjects rated the intensity of the perceived irritation. The intensity of irritation progressively decreased across trials, consistent with desensitization. To test for cross-desensitization of nicotine-evoked irritation by menthol, nicotine (0.6%) was applied to both sides of the tongue simultaneously, 5 min after the conclusion of menthol application. Using both a two-alternative forced choice (2-AFC) paradigm, and also by obtaining independent ratings of the irritant intensity on each side of the tongue, it was found that nicotine-evoked irritation was significantly weaker on the menthol-pretreated side. To control for a possible confounding effect of cooling, nicotine was applied bilaterally only after the cooling sensation of menthol had subsided. Nicotine-induced irritation was still significantly weaker on the menthol-pretreated side, consistent with cross-desensitization of nicotine-evoked irritation by menthol. In a final experiment, menthol was repeatedly applied to one side of the tongue at a shorter (20 s) interval (5-s ISI), and elicited a rapid increase in irritant sensation over the initial trials, consistent with sensitization, followed in subsequent trials by a progressive reduction in irritation (desensitization). After a 5-min rest period, self-desensitization was confirmed. Repeated application of menthol at the same short ISI was then resumed, and resulted in a significant mean increase in irritant intensity consistent with stimulus-induced recovery (SIR). (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.