Stress, social support and depression in single and married mothers
Stress, social support and depression in single and married mothers
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00127-003-0661-0
复制
发表时间：
2003-08-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Racine, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cairney, J;Boyle, M;Racine, Y
背景本研究旨在探讨压力和社会支持对单亲家庭状态与抑郁之间关系的影响。方法对1994-95年全国人口健康调查资料进行二次分析。参与调查的单身和已婚母亲来自一般样本（N = 2921）。采用Logistic回归方法评估压力和社会支持在家庭结构与抑郁关系中的中介和调节作用。结果：双变量分析显示，与已婚母亲相比，单身母亲更有可能遭受抑郁症发作（12个月的患病率），报告的慢性压力水平更高，最近的生活事件更多，童年逆境更多。与已婚母亲相比，单身母亲在感知到的社会支持、社会参与以及与朋友和家人联系的频率方面也较低。多变量分析的结果显示，压力和社会支持加在一起，在单亲状态和抑郁之间的关系中占了近40%。我们还发现压力对抑郁的条件效应与家庭结构有关。与单身母亲相比，已婚母亲的生活事件与抑郁症的关系更为密切。结论：单亲状态和抑郁之间的关联很大程度上可以通过压力暴露和社会支持的差异来解释。我们的研究结果表明，检查多重压力来源是很重要的，因为暴露于远端和近端压力源的单身母亲更高。讨论了今后研究的局限性和方向。
Background This study examined the effect of stress and social support on the relationship between single-parent status and depression. Method A secondary data analysis of the 1994-95 National Population Health Survey was conducted. Single and married mothers who participated in the survey were derived from the general sample (N = 2,921). Logistic regression techniques were used to assess the mediating and moderating effects of stress and social support on the relationship between family structure and depression. Results Bivariate analyses showed that, compared to married mothers, single mothers were more likely to have suffered an episode of depression (12-month prevalence), to report higher levels of chronic stress, more recent life events and a greater number of childhood adversities. Single mothers also reported lower levels of perceived social support, social involvement and frequency of contact with friends and family than married mothers. The results of the multivariate analyses showed that, together, stress and social support account for almost 40% of the relationship between single-parent status and depression. We also found a conditional effect of stress on depression by family structure. Life events were more strongly related to depression in married than in single mothers. Conclusions A substantial part of the association between single-parent status and depression can be accounted for by differences in exposure to stress and social support. Our results suggest that it is important to examine multiple sources of stress, as exposure to both distal and proximal stressors were higher among single mothers. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed.