HERITABILITY AND GENETIC CORRELATIONS FOR FLESH COLORATION IN PEN-REARED COHO SALMON
HERITABILITY AND GENETIC CORRELATIONS FOR FLESH COLORATION IN PEN-REARED COHO SALMON
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DOI：
10.1016/0044-8486(90)90111-y
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发表时间：
1990-04-15
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
HERSHBERGER, WK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
IWAMOTO, RN;MYERS, JM;HERSHBERGER, WK
商业化养殖鲑鱼的肉色是影响产品适销性和消费者接受度的重要属性。由于类胡萝卜素色素是作为膳食添加剂引入的，因此选择吸收和沉积速率增加的个体将导致膳食补充量减少，饲料成本显著降低。为了确定选择改进的肉色的可行性，估计在两个育雏年的笔提出的银鲑，Oncorhynchus kisutch，喂养的饮食补充类胡萝卜素黄质的遗传基础。除了通过氯仿-甲醇提取定量类胡萝卜素水平，个别鱼的长度，整体和穿着重量，肌肉脂质和水分含量进行了测量，以估计这些变量之间的关系。对自然觅食银鳕鱼的肉质成分进行了分析。对两个繁殖年份的鱼的分析表明，类胡萝卜素水平受遗传控制，h2（全同胞估计值）= 0.50。0.16和0.30 ±。0.14.鱼体重与类胡萝卜素水平之间存在遗传和表型正相关。然而，肌肉脂质和水分含量与类胡萝卜素水平没有显着相关性。虽然存在足够的遗传变异性，以显着提高通过直接选择在银鲑肉着色的水平，分析类胡萝卜素水平的成本和终端的性质限制了这种方法在商业水平上的应用。然而，间接选择类胡萝卜素水平，使用体重作为主要性状，仍然会产生相当大的改善肉色。
Flesh coloration in commercially reared salmon is an important attribute which influences product marketability and consumer acceptance. Since carotenoid pigments are introduced as dietary additives, the selection of individuals with increased absorption and deposition rates would result in lower dietary supplementation and significantly reduced feed costs. To determine the feasibility of selecting for improved flesh coloration, the genetic basis for this trait was estimated in two brood years of pen-raised coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, fed a diet supplemented with the carotenoid canthaxanthin. In addition to quantifying carotenoid levels via chloroform-methanol extraction, individual fish lengths, whole and dressed weights, muscle lipid and moisture content were measured to estimate the relationship among these variables. The flesh composition of naturally foraging coho was also examined. Analysis of fish from the two brood years indicated that carotenoid levels were under genetic control, h2 (full-sib estimate) = 0.50 .+-. 0.16 and 0.30 .+-. 0.14. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between fish whole weight and carotenoid level were positive. Muscle lipid and moisture content, however, were not significantly correlated with carotenoid levels. While sufficient genetic variability exists to markedly improve the level of flesh coloration in coho salmon via direct selection, the cost and terminal nature of analyzing carotenoid levels limits the application of this approach on a commercial level. However, indirect selection for carotenoid level, using body weight as the primary trait, would still yield considerable improvements in flesh coloration.