A neural basis of speech-in-noise perception in older adults.
A neural basis of speech-in-noise perception in older adults.
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DOI：
10.1097/aud.0b013e31822229d3
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发表时间：
2011-11
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kraus N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson S;Parbery-Clark A;Yi HG;Kraus N
我们研究了老年人在噪音中语音感知的神经基础。听力损失是老年人第三大常见慢性疾病，最常见的表现是在背景噪音中难以理解言语。即使听力阈值正常的人也会出现这种在噪音中理解言语的困难，部分原因可能是由于语言的时间和频谱成分的中央听觉处理能力随着年龄的增长而下降。我们假设具有较差的语音噪声感知的老年人表现出皮层下语音表征的损伤。在所有参与者中（28名年龄在60至73岁之间的成年人），500至4000 Hz计算的平均听力阈值≤25 dB HL。通过噪音听力测试（HINT）对参与者的行为进行评估，并使用安静和背景噪音下记录的言语诱发的听觉脑干反应进行神经生理学评估。参与者根据他们的HINT分数被分为表现最好和最差的两组，这两组的听力阈值和智商是相匹配的。我们比较了两组的脑干反应，特别是神经反应的平均频谱幅度和背景噪声对反应形态的影响程度。在安静条件下，底部SIN组对语音刺激的基本频率的神经表征减少，反应幅度总体下降。在噪声条件下，底部SIN组表现出更大的噪声影响，这可能反映了神经同步性的降低。所有生理指标均与SIN感知相关。在语音的神经编码方式上，下sinn组的成年人与听觉匹配的上sinn组不同。基频的皮质下编码强度似乎是老年人在噪音中成功感知语音的一个因素。考虑到放大对改善中枢听觉加工的限制，我们的研究结果表明，有必要将听觉训练纳入有听觉感知困难的老年人的干预计划中。
We investigated a neural basis of speech-in-noise perception in older adults. Hearing loss, the third most common chronic condition in older adults, is most often manifested by difficulty with understanding speech in background noise. This trouble with understanding speech in noise, which occurs even in individuals who have normal hearing thresholds, may arise, in part, from age-related declines in central auditory processing of the temporal and spectral components of speech. We hypothesized that older adults with poorer speech-in-noise (SIN) perception demonstrate impairments in the subcortical representation of speech. In all participants (28 adults, ages 60 to 73 years), average hearing thresholds calculated from 500 to 4000 Hz were ≤ 25 dB HL. The participants were evaluated behaviorally with the Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) and neurophysiologically using speech-evoked auditory brainstem responses recorded in quiet and in background noise. The participants were divided based on their HINT scores into top and bottom performing groups that were matched for audiometric thresholds and IQ. We compared brainstem responses in the two groups, specifically, the average spectral magnitudes of the neural response and the degree to which background noise affected response morphology. In the quiet condition, the bottom SIN group had reduced neural representation of the fundamental frequency of the speech stimulus and an overall reduction in response magnitude. In the noise condition, the bottom SIN group demonstrated greater effects of noise, which may reflect reduction in neural synchrony. All physiologic measures correlated with SIN perception. Adults in the bottom SIN group differed from the audiometrically-matched top SIN group in how speech was neurally encoded. The strength of subcortical encoding of the fundamental frequency appears to be a factor in successful speech-in-noise perception in older adults. Given the limitations of amplification for improving central auditory processing, our results indicate the need for inclusion of auditory training in intervention plans for older adults with SIN perception difficulties.