Locusts Use the Same Basic Motor Pattern in Swimming as in Jumping and Kicking
Locusts Use the Same Basic Motor Pattern in Swimming as in Jumping and Kicking
复制标题
蝗虫在游泳时使用与跳跃和踢腿相同的基本运动模式
DOI：
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发表时间：
1978
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Burrows
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Pflüger;M. Burrows
1. 在水面上时，蝗虫（沙漠蝗或飞蝗）会呈现一种独特的姿势，前腿向前，中腿和后腿向后。
2. 游泳是通过两条后腿胫节的快速伸展来实现的。腿是同时运动的，不像行走时那样交替运动。游泳的划水动作以2 - 3赫兹的频率重复，使蝗虫获得约13厘米/秒的前进速度。
3. 通过在蝗虫游泳时对胫肌进行细胞外记录，描述了导致后腿胫节伸展的运动模式。胫节首先弯曲，并由屈肌运动神经元的脉冲保持弯曲状态。然后伸肌运动神经元开始产生脉冲，以至于有一段时间屈肌和伸肌运动神经元都在产生脉冲。这导致肌肉共同收缩。接着屈肌运动神经元停止活动，但伸肌继续活动，结果胫节迅速伸展。
4. 蝗虫在跳跃、踢腿和游泳时都使用相同的基本胫节运动模式。
1.When on the surface of water, locusts ( Schistocerca or Locusta ) adopt a characteristic posture with the front legs pointing forwards and the middle and hind legs backwards. 2.Swimming is accomplished by the rapid extension of both hind tibiae. The legs move at the same time and not alternately as they do in walking. The swimming strokes are repeated at 2-3 Hz and give the locust a forward velocity of some 13 cm s −1 . 3.The motor pattern that brings about the extension of the hind tibiae is described from extracellular recording in the tibial muscles during swimming. The tibia is first flexed and held flexed by spikes of the flexor motoneurones. Then the extensor motoneurones begin to spike so that there is a period when flexor and extensor motoneurones are both spiking. This leads to cocontraction of the muscles. The flexor motoneurones then stop, but the extensors continue, with the result that the tibia extends rapidly. 4.The same basic motor pattern for the movement of the tibia is used by the locust in jumping, kicking and swimming.