Unwelcome immigrants: the labor market experiences of 1980 (Mariel) Cuban and Haitian refugees in South Florida.
Unwelcome immigrants: the labor market experiences of 1980 (Mariel) Cuban and Haitian refugees in South Florida.
复制标题
不受欢迎的移民：1980 年 (Mariel) 南佛罗里达州古巴和海地难民的劳动力市场经历。
DOI：
10.2307/2095435
复制
发表时间：
1985
影响因子：
9.1
通讯作者：
Alex Stepick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Portes;Alex Stepick
本文在两种相互竞争的理论传统：古典同化和最近的劳动力市场分割理论的背景下考察了两个新到移民群体和弱势移民群体的状况。这两个关于外国少数民族进入美国劳动力市场的预测和随后的流动性的决定因素进行测试的基础上，有代表性的调查，大多数没有得到证实。分析支持的假设，包括大量的难民谁仍然在它之外的异质模式纳入劳动力市场。相当大的比例只设法找到边缘就业在一个充满活力的非正规经济在南佛罗里达。对于古巴人来说，在民族飞地就业带来的正回报与进入“初级”劳动力市场的回报相当。海地人没有飞地选择，因此集中在次要和非正规就业，尽管大多数人仍然没有工作。这些不同的情况下的决定因素进行检查的基础上，多变量逻辑回归。移民理论和政策的结果的影响进行了讨论。（作者）
This article examines the situation of 2 recently arrived and disadvantaged immigrant groups in the context of 2 competing theoretical traditions: classical assimilation and recent labor market segmentation theories. Predictions of both concerning US labor market entry of foreign minorities and determinants of subsequent mobility are tested on the basis of representative surveys; most are not confirmed. The analysis supports the hypothesis of heterogeneous modes of incorporation into the labor market including substantial numbers of refugees who remain outside of it. Sizable proportions have only managed to find fringe employment in a energing informal economy in south Florida. Among Cubans employment in the ethnic enclave is associated with positive returns comparable to those of entry into the "primary" labor market. Haitians lack an enclave option and thus cluster into secondary and informal employment although most remain without work. Determinants of these various situations are examined on the basis of multivariate logistic regressions. Implications of results for immigration theory and policy are discussed. (authors)