Removing environmental sources of variation to gain insight on symbionts vs. transient microbes in high and low microbial abundance sponges
Removing environmental sources of variation to gain insight on symbionts vs. transient microbes in high and low microbial abundance sponges
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DOI：
10.1111/1462-2920.12261
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发表时间：
2013-11-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Galand, Pierre E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blanquer, Andrea;Uriz, Maria J.;Galand, Pierre E.
在这项研究中，我们致力于揭示 26 种海绵的细菌群落，这些海绵属于多个分类目，包括低微生物丰度 (LMA) 和高微生物丰度 (HMA) 代表。特别是，我们寻找物种特异性细菌，它们可以被视为共生体。为了减少宿主物种之间因环境造成的时间和空间差异，我们在一次潜水中对一个孤立的小岩石区域中存在的所有海绵物种进行了采样。通过对 16S rRNA 基因进行焦磷酸测序鉴定的细菌群落表明，所有 HMA 物种都聚集在 LMA 海绵和海水中。 HMA 海绵通常具有最高的多样性，但一些 LMA 海绵也具有非常多样化的细菌群落。网络分析表明，所研究的海绵似乎不存在核心细菌群落，即使对于这样的空间和时间限制的采样也不存在。大多数序列，尤其是每个物种中最丰富的序列，对于 HMA 和 LMA 海绵来说都是物种特异性的。尽管从 LMA 海绵中检索到的细菌序列在系统发育上与海水更相似，但并不代表瞬时海水细菌。我们得出的结论是，海绵细菌群落更多地依赖于 HMA 或 LMA 群体的宿主隶属关系，而不是宿主的系统发育。
In this study, we pursue unravelling the bacterial communities of 26 sponges, belonging to several taxonomical orders, and comprising low microbial abundance (LMA) and high microbial abundance (HMA) representatives. Particularly, we searched for species-specific bacteria, which could be considered as symbionts. To reduce temporal and spatial environmentally caused differences between host species, we sampled all the sponge species present in an isolated small rocky area in a single dive. The bacterial communities identified by pyrosequencing the 16S rRNA gene showed that all HMA species clustered separated from LMA sponges and seawater. HMA sponges often had highest diversity, but some LMA sponges had also very diverse bacterial communities. Network analyses indicated that no core bacterial community seemed to exist for the studied sponges, not even for such a space and time-restricted sampling. Most sequences, particularly the most abundant ones in each species, were species-specific for both HMA and LMA sponges. The bacterial sequences retrieved from LMA sponges, despite being phylogenetically more similar to seawater, did not represent transient seawater bacteria. We conclude that sponge bacterial communities depend more on the host affiliation to the HMA or LMA groups than on host phylogeny.