Productivity and water source of intercropped wheat and rice in a direct-sown sequential cropping system: The effects of no-tillage and drought
Productivity and water source of intercropped wheat and rice in a direct-sown sequential cropping system: The effects of no-tillage and drought
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DOI：
10.1626/pps.8.368
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发表时间：
2005-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Hamada, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Iijima, M;Asai, T;Hamada, Y
在日本，稻麦轮作和水稻移栽的做法过去一直很流行。爱知县农业研究中心开发了机械化直接种植的小麦-水稻复种，在春季间作两个月。本研究的一个目的是评估连续免耕的种植制度，强调水分胁迫。还利用氘化重水分析了作物之间的水分竞争，阐明了间作小麦的水源。在试验小块稻田上进行了连续6季（3年）的麦稻直播免耕试验。免耕导致土壤表层的土壤渗透阻力增加了一倍，这表明存在抑制根系发育的风险。旱地小麦产量较高，说明田间存在水分胁迫。在免耕小区，由于小麦生物量的减少，间作水稻幼苗的透光率显着增加。小麦和水稻产量没有统计学意义上的免耕做法降低。这表明在种植制度中引入连续免耕是可能的。免耕显著增加了氘水模拟降雨后小麦木质部汁液中氘浓度。这表明小麦的水分吸收依赖性从土壤贮水量转移到近期施用水量，说明免耕条件下作物间可能存在更强的竞争。
In Japan, wheat-rice crop rotation with the practice of rice transplanting has been quite popular in the past. Mechanized direct-planted wheat-rice sequential cropping was developed at the Aichi Prefecture Agricultural Research Center by intercropping them for two months in spring. An objective of this study was to evaluate the introduction of continuous no-tillage to the cropping system with emphasis on water stress. The water source of intercropped wheat was also elucidated using deuterated heavy water to analyze water competition between crops. Continuous no-tillage of wheat-rice direct planting was performed for six seasons (three years) in an experimental small paddy field. No-tillage resulted in a doubled soil penetration resistance in the surface layer of soil, indicating the risk of suppressing root development. The higher yield of wheat in the dry plot suggested that excess-moisture stress occurs in the field. In the no-tillage plot, light transmission to intercropped rice seedlings increased significantly due to the reduced wheat biomass production. Wheat and rice yields were not statistically lowered by the no-tillage practice. This indicated that it is possible to introduce continuous no-tillage to the cropping system. The no-tillage significantly increased the deuterium concentrations in the xylem sap in wheat after the application of simulated rainfall with deuterated water. This indicated that the water uptake dependency of wheat shifted from stored soil water to recently applied water, which suggested the higher competition between the crops may occur under no-tillage conditions.