Combined Effects of Gaze and Orientation of Faces on Person Judgments in Social Situations
Combined Effects of Gaze and Orientation of Faces on Person Judgments in Social Situations
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00259
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发表时间：
2017-02-22
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Leder, Helmut
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaisler, Raphaela E.;Leder, Helmut
在社交场合中，他人的脸可以在注视和方向上同时变化。这些变化如何影响不同类型的社会判断，如吸引力或可信度，只是部分理解。因此，我们研究了不同的注视方向，头部角度，以及面部吸引力水平如何影响感知的吸引力和可信度。我们总是呈现成对的面孔--要么是两张中等吸引力的面孔，要么是一张非常吸引人的面孔和一张不太吸引人的面孔。我们还改变了凝视和头部角度，显示了三个不同方向的面孔，正面，四分之三和侧面视图。在实验1（N = 62）中，参与者认为转移目光在四分之三的意见，更有吸引力，比在前面和侧面的意见，并评估与正面的意见，最值得信赖的直接凝视的脸。此外，被另一张脸注视的脸被认为更有吸引力。独立于头部方向或注视方向，高吸引力的面孔被评为更有吸引力和更值得信赖。在实验2（N = 54）中，我们发现，四分之三的优势消失时，第二张脸是模糊的判断，这表明了另一个人的存在的重要性，在一个三元社会的情况下，以及他们的可见的目光的重要性。研究结果强调，社会评价，如可信度是不受审美优势的四分之三的意见，两个平均有吸引力的面孔，和一个面孔的吸引力的影响是更强大的比更微妙的影响凝视和方向。
In social situations, faces of others can vary simultaneously in gaze and orientation. How these variations affect different kinds of social judgments, such as attractiveness or trustworthiness, is only partly understood. Therefore, we studied how different gaze directions, head angles, but also levels of facial attractiveness affect perceived attractiveness and trustworthiness. We always presented pairs of faces - either two average attractive faces or a highly attractive together with a less attractive face. We also varied gaze and head angles showing faces in three different orientations, front, three-quarter and profile view. In Experiment 1 (N = 62), participants rated averted gaze in three-quarter views as more attractive than in front and profile views, and evaluated faces with direct gaze in front views as most trustworthy. Moreover, faces that were being looked at by another face were seen as more attractive. Independent of the head orientation or gaze direction, highly attractive faces were rated as more attractive and more trustworthy. In Experiment 2 (N = 54), we found that the three-quarter advantage vanished when the second face was blurred during judgments, which demonstrates the importance of the presence of another person-as in a triadic social situation-as well as the importance of their visible gaze. The findings emphasize that social evaluations such as trustworthiness are unaffected by the esthetic advantage of three-quarter views of two average attractive faces, and that the effect of a faces' attractiveness is more powerful than the more subtle effects of gaze and orientations.