Changes in climate and hydrochemical responses in a high-elevation catchment in the Rocky Mountains, USA
Changes in climate and hydrochemical responses in a high-elevation catchment in the Rocky Mountains, USA
复制标题
美国落基山脉高海拔流域的气候变化和水化学反应
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
D. Greenland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Williams;M. Losleben;N. Caine;D. Greenland
科罗拉多锋岭尼沃特岭自195 1年以来的连续气候记录表明，夏季年平均气温下降，年降水量增加，平均日太阳辐射减少。降水量的增加解释了近十年来尼沃特海岭每年湿沉降增加200%的原因。1994年和1995年之间的气候参数的差异（增加积雪深度和减少净能量通量的积雪）导致4-5倍增加的溶质从积雪中释放的离子脉冲的形式的幅度。反过来，季节性积雪中强酸阴离子的高化学负荷以及这些溶质以离子脉冲的形式从季节性积雪中释放出来，导致目前沉积水平的水源集水区出现间歇性酸化（ANC < 0 peq liter-l）。气候参数的微小变化可能引起高山溪流水化学的巨大变化。尼沃特岭的气候变化与东部大平原的低地变暖并不同步，这提醒人们，高山地区的气候是由当地条件驱动的，可能与区域和全球气候趋势不同步。
A continuous climate record since 195 1 at Niwot Ridge in the Colorado Front Range shows a decline in mean annual temperature, an increase in annual precipitation amount, and a decrease in mean daily solar radiation for the summer months. The increase in precipitation amount explains about half of the 200% increase in annual wet deposition of NO,- to Niwot Ridge over the last decade. Differences in climate parameters between 1994 and 1995 (increased snow depth and decreased net energy flux to the snowpack) resulted in a 4-5-fold increase in the magnitude of solute release from the snowpack in the form of an ionic pulse. In turn, the high chemical loading of strong acid anions in the seasonal snowpack and release of these solutes from the seasonal snowpack in the form of an ionic pulse is causing episodic acidification (ANC < 0 peq liter-l) in headwater catchments at present deposition levels. Small changes in climate parameters may cause large changes in the hydrochemistry of alpine streams. The changes in climate at Niwot Ridge are not in synchrony with lowland warming in the Great Plains to the east and serve as a reminder that climate in alpine areas is driven by local conditions and may be asynchronous with regional and global climate trends.