High prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in black and white pregnant women residing in the northern United States and their neonates
High prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in black and white pregnant women residing in the northern United States and their neonates
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/137.2.447
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发表时间：
2007-02-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Roberts, James M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bodnar, Lisa M.;Simhan, Hyagriv N.;Roberts, James M.
子宫内或生命早期维生素 D 缺乏与骨骼问题、I 型糖尿病和精神分裂症有关，但美国孕妇维生素 D 缺乏的患病率尚未得到研究。我们试图按种族和季节评估居住在匹兹堡的孕妇及其新生儿的维生素 D 状况。在妊娠 4-21 周和分娩前，对 200 名白人和 200 名黑人孕妇及其新生儿的脐带血中的血清 25-羟基维生素 D 125(OH)D 进行了测量。超过 90% 的女性使用产前维生素。妇女和新生儿被分为维生素 D 缺乏 [25(OH) < 37.5 nmol/L]、不足 [25(OH)D 37.5-80 nmol/L] 或充足 [25(OH)D > 80 nmol/L]。分娩时，黑人女性中维生素 D 缺乏和不足的比例分别为 29.2% 和 54.1%，黑人新生儿的比例分别为 45.6% 和 46.8%。 5% 和 42.1% 的白人女性以及 9.7% 和 56.4% 的白人新生儿维生素 D 缺乏和不足。妊娠 < 22 周时的结果相似。在调整孕前 BMI 和围孕期多种维生素的使用后，与白人女性相比，从冬季到夏季（16.0 +/- 3.3 nmol/L vs. 23.2 +/- 3.7 nmol/L）以及从春季到夏季（13.2 +/- 3.0 nmol/L vs. 27.6 +/- 4.7 nmol/L），黑人女性的孕产妇 25(OH)D 平均增幅较小 (P < 0.01）。这些结果表明，居住在美国北部的黑人和白人孕妇和新生儿存在维生素 D 不足的高风险，即使母亲遵守产前维生素规定。需要更高剂量的补充来改善孕产妇和新生儿的维生素 D 营养。
In utero or early-life vitamin D deficiency is associated with skeletal problems, type I diabetes, and schizophrenia, but the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in U.S. pregnant women is unexplored. We sought to assess vitamin D status of pregnant women and their neonates residing in Pittsburgh by race and season. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D 125(OH)D) was measured at 4-21 wk gestation and predelivery in 200 white and 200 black pregnant women and in cord blood of their neonates. Over 90% of women used prenatal vitamins. Women and neonates were classified as vitamin D deficient [25(OH) < 37.5 nmol/L], insufficient [25(OH)D 37.5-80 nmol/L], or sufficient [25(OH)D > 80 nmol/L]. At delivery, vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency occurred in 29.2% and 54.1% of black women and 45.6% and 46.8% black neonates, respectively. Five percent and 42.1% of white women and 9.7% and 56.4% of white neonates were vitamin D deficient and insufficient, respectively. Results were similar at < 22 wk gestation. After adjustment for prepregnancy BMI and periconceptional multivitamin use, black women had a smaller mean increase in maternal 25(OH)D compared with white women from winter to summer (16.0 +/- 3.3 nmol/L vs. 23.2 +/- 3.7 nmol/L) and from spring to summer (13.2 +/- 3.0 nmol/L vs. 27.6 +/- 4.7 nmol/L) (P < 0.01). These results suggest that black and white pregnant women and neonates residing in the northern US are at high risk of vitamin D insufficiency, even when mothers are compliant with prenatal vitamins. Higher-dose supplementation is needed to improve maternal and neonatal vitamin D nutnture.