Public understanding of cigarette smoke constituents: three US surveys.
Public understanding of cigarette smoke constituents: three US surveys.
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DOI：
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2015-052897
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发表时间：
2016-09
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Ribisl KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brewer NT;Morgan JC;Baig SA;Mendel JR;Boynton MH;Pepper JK;Byron MJ;Noar SM;Agans RP;Ribisl KM
《烟草控制法》要求公开披露有关卷烟烟雾中有毒成分的信息。为了为这些努力提供信息，我们研究了公众对香烟烟雾成分的理解。我们对全国青少年 (n=1125) 和成人 (n=5014) 概率样本进行了电话调查，并对成人便利样本 (n=4137) 进行了互联网调查，所有这些调查均在美国进行。我们评估了对卷烟烟雾一般成分和 24 种特定成分的了解。受访者普遍错误地认为卷烟烟雾中的有害化学物质主要源自卷烟制造商引入的添加剂（43-72%）。几乎所有参与者都听说过香烟烟雾中含有尼古丁，许多人还听说过一氧化碳、氨、砷和甲醛。不到四分之一的人听说过大多数其他列出的成分都处于香烟烟雾中。最有可能阻止受访者吸烟的成分是氨、砷、甲醛、氰化氢、铅和铀。受访者更常报告称，他们听说香烟烟雾中有成分而感到沮丧（所有 p<0.05）。名字以数字开头或以“ene”或“ine”结尾的选民不太可能阻止人们吸烟（所有 p<0.05）。许多人不知道燃烧香烟是香烟烟雾中有毒成分的主要来源。最能阻止吸烟的成分有熟悉的名字，如砷和甲醛，并且不以数字开头或以烯/烯结尾。我们的研究结果可能有助于活动设计者制定劝阻吸烟的信息。
The Tobacco Control Act requires public disclosure of information about toxic constituents in cigarette smoke. To inform these efforts, we studied public understanding of cigarette smoke constituents. We conducted phone surveys with national probability samples of adolescents (n=1125) and adults (n=5014) and an internet survey with a convenience sample of adults (n=4137), all in the USA. We assessed understanding of cigarette smoke constituents in general and of 24 specific constituents. Respondents commonly and incorrectly believed that harmful chemicals in cigarette smoke mostly originate in additives introduced by cigarette manufacturers (43–72%). Almost all participants had heard that nicotine is in cigarette smoke, and many had also heard about carbon monoxide, ammonia, arsenic and formaldehyde. Less than one-quarter had heard of most other listed constituents being in cigarette smoke. Constituents most likely to discourage respondents from wanting to smoke were ammonia, arsenic, formaldehyde, hydrogen cyanide, lead and uranium. Respondents more often reported being discouraged by constituents that they had heard are in cigarette smoke (all p<0.05). Constituents with names that started with a number or ended in ‘ene’ or ‘ine’ were less likely to discourage people from wanting to smoke (all p<0.05). Many people were unaware that burning the cigarette is the primary source of toxic constituents in cigarette smoke. Constituents that may most discourage cigarette smoking have familiar names, like arsenic and formaldehyde and do not start with a number or end in ene/ine. Our findings may help campaign designers develop constituent messages that discourage smoking.