Genetic structure of Hmong-Mien speaking populations in East Asia as revealed by mtDNA lineages.
Genetic structure of Hmong-Mien speaking populations in East Asia as revealed by mtDNA lineages.
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DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msi055
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发表时间：
2005-03
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
B. Wen;Hui Li;Song Gao;Xianyun Mao;Yang Gao;Feng Li;Feng Zhang;Yungang He;Yongli Dong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Wen;Hui Li;Song Gao;Xianyun Mao;Yang Gao;Feng Li;Feng Zhang;Yungang He;Yongli Dong
苗族是东亚的一个主要语系，主要分布在中国南部和东南亚。迄今为止，在文献中几乎没有对H-M语言人群的遗传研究。在这份报告中，我们提出了在线粒体DNA（mtDNA）高变段1（HVS 1）区域的遗传变异和诊断变异的编码区在东亚17个H-M人群抽样537个人的分析结果。分析表明，在东亚南部占优势的单倍型群，包括B，R9，N9 a和M7，占63%（范围从45%到90%）的mtDNA在H-M人群。此外，分子方差分析（AMOVA），系统发育树分析和主成分（PC）分析表明，H-M和其他东亚南部之间的亲缘关系更密切，这表明在H-M人口的母系血统一般南方起源。H-M特有的mtDNA谱系的估计年龄与基于与H-M相关的考古学文化的估计年龄相一致。遗传距离和系统发育树分析表明，苗族和苗族群体之间存在一定的差异。再加上较高的频率，在苗族人观察到的北方主导的血统，我们的研究结果表明，苗族人口经历了更多的接触与北方东亚人，发现与历史证据相一致。此外，我们的数据定义了一些新的（亚）单倍型群（A6，B4 e，B4 f，C5，F1 a1，F1 a1 a，和R9 c），这将指导进一步的努力，以改善东亚mtDNA的同源性。
Hmong-Mien (H-M) is a major language family in East Asia, and its speakers distribute primarily in southern China and Southeast Asia. To date, genetic studies on H-M speaking populations are virtually absent in the literature. In this report, we present the results of an analysis of genetic variations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) hypervariable segment 1 (HVS1) region and diagnostic variants in the coding regions in 537 individuals sampled from 17 H-M populations across East Asia. The analysis showed that the haplogroups that are predominant in southern East Asia, including B, R9, N9a, and M7, account for 63% (ranging from 45% to 90%) of mtDNAs in H-M populations. Furthermore, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), phylogenetic tree analysis, and principal component (PC) analysis demonstrate closer relatedness between H-M and other southern East Asians, suggesting a general southern origin of maternal lineages in the H-M populations. The estimated ages of the mtDNA lineages that are specific to H-M coincide with those based on archeological cultures that have been associated with H-M. Analysis of genetic distance and phylogenetic tree indicated some extent of difference between the Hmong and the Mien populations. Together with the higher frequency of north-dominating lineages observed in the Hmong people, our results indicate that the Hmong populations had experienced more contact with the northern East Asians, a finding consistent with historical evidence. Moreover, our data defined some new (sub-)haplogroups (A6, B4e, B4f, C5, F1a1, F1a1a, and R9c), which will direct further efforts to improve the phylogeny of East Asian mtDNAs.