THE EVOLUTION OF SEXES
THE EVOLUTION OF SEXES
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1631551
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发表时间：
1992-07-17
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
ANDERSON, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ANDERSON, A
细胞内战争 赫斯特假说的根源在于“基因组内冲突”领域，这是牛津大学进化生物学家的一个热门新研究领域。细胞内部的传统观点是一个微型盖亚，具有所有遗传元素——染色体、线粒体和其他令人信服的细胞质。”他似乎对测试赫斯特论文的一些更不寻常的生物印象深刻。荷兰瓦赫宁根大学群体遗传学教授罗尔夫·霍克斯特拉（Rolf Hoekstra）几年前在梅纳德·史密斯的实验室解决了这个问题，他也印象深刻。”为什么有两种性别的问题一直有点深奥，因为很难找到一个想法的经验支持，”他说。”他们的[赫斯特和汉密尔顿]的解释对我们来说是最有吸引力的，因为他们增加了这种很好的经验相关性。” 性别和性选择 在这一系列文章中，《科学》回顾了研究性别进化生物学的研究人员最近出现的一些新想法和数据。从这一页开始，我们解决一些性别问题，首先询问为什么不同的性别首先进化，然后（第 325 页）展示性别之战如何持续到胎儿。在第 327 页，马特·里德利 (Matt Ridley) 报告了一种关于燕子如何获得长而分叉的尾巴的新理论；该理论可以解释雌性在雄性身上寻找什么——如果它们是鸟类，情况要复杂得多：在第 329 页，安·吉本斯 (Ann Gibbons) 列出了解释灵长类动物如何选择配偶的理论的最新困难。
Intracellular warfare The roots of Hurst's hypothesis lie in the field of" intragenomic conflict," a hot new research area among Oxford's evolutionary biologists. The traditional view of the interior of the cell is one of a miniature Gaia, with all the genetic elements-the chromosomes, mitochondria, and other cytoplasmic convincing." He was impressed, it seems, by some of the more unusual creatures that test Hurst's thesis. Rolf Hoekstra, a professor of population genetics at the University ofWageningen in Holland who tackled the problem while in Maynard Smith's laboratory several years ago, is also impressed." The issue ofwhy are there two sexes has always been a bit esoteric because it's so very hard to find the empirical backing for an idea," he says." Their [Hurst and Hamilton's} explanation is the most attractive we have because of their addition of this nice empirical correlation." The Sexes and Sexual Selection In this package of articles, Science reviews some of the new ideas and data that have appeared recently from researchers studying the evolutionary biology of sex. Beginning on this page, we tackle some of the problem of sexes, asking first why separate sexes evolved in the first place, and then (p. 325) showing how the battle of the sexes may continue into the fetus. On page 327, Matt Ridley reports on a new theory about how the swallow got its long, forked tail; the theory may explain what it is that females are looking for in a male-if they are birds, that is. For primates, the situation is a lot more complicated: On page 329, Ann Gibbons charts the latest difficulties for theories explaining how primates select their mates.