Molecular mechanism and evolution of guanylate kinase regulation by (p)ppGpp.
Molecular mechanism and evolution of guanylate kinase regulation by (p)ppGpp.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2014.12.037
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发表时间:
2015-02-19
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Wang, Jue D.
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Liu, Kuanqing;Myers, Angela R.;Pisithkul, Tippapha;Claas, Kathy R.;Satyshur, Kenneth A.;Amador-Noguez, Daniel;Keck, James L.;Wang, Jue D.
The nucleotide (p)ppGpp mediates bacterial stress responses, but its targets and underlying mechanisms of action vary among bacterial species and remain incompletely understood. Here we characterize the molecular interaction between (p)ppGpp and guanylate kinase (GMK) revealing the importance of this interaction in adaptation to starvation. Combining structural and kinetic analyses, we show that (p)ppGpp binds the GMK active site and competitively inhibits the enzyme. The (p)ppGpp-GMK interaction prevents the conversion of GMP to GDP, resulting in GMP accumulation upon amino acid downshift. Abolishing this interaction leads to excess (p)ppGpp and defective adaptation to amino acid starvation. A survey of GMKs from phylogenetically diverse bacteria shows that the (p)ppGpp-GMK interaction is conserved in members of Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Deinococcus-Thermus, but not in Proteobacteria where (p)ppGpp regulates RNA polymerase (RNAP). We propose that GMK is an ancestral (p)ppGpp target and RNAP evolved more recently as a direct target in Proteobacteria.
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