Five-year longitudinal study of workers employed in a new toluene diisocyanate manufacturing plant.
Five-year longitudinal study of workers employed in a new toluene diisocyanate manufacturing plant.
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对新甲苯二异氰酸酯制造厂雇用的工人进行的五年纵向研究。
DOI：
10.1164/arrd.1982.126.3.420
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发表时间：
1982
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Weill,H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Diem,JE;Jones,RN;Hendrick,DJ;Glindmeyer,HW;Dharmarajan,V;Butcher,BT;Salvaggio,JE;Weill,H
对一家新的甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)制造厂277名工人在5年接触中的呼吸健康进行了前瞻性研究。使用个人TDI监测仪连续测量了2000多个样本的峰值和8小时时间加权平均(TWA)浓度。在223名男性中评估了肺功能的纵向变化，其中3个或更多的数据点允许构建单个斜坡的年变化。低暴露组和高暴露组对吸烟(包年)、特应性状态和累积TDI暴露的年变化的回归显示，吸烟对肺活量和肺活量有显著影响。在调整了吸烟年限后，高累积TDI暴露组的74名男性的FEV1、%FEV和FEF25-75%的降幅明显大于低TDI暴露组的149名男性。然后在6个吸烟暴露类别中检查FEV1的年变化：在从不吸烟的人中，累积接触TDI较高的人平均年下降38毫升/年。现在和以前的吸烟者没有表现出累积接触TDI的这种影响。对超过20 ppb TDI的FEV1随时间变化的分析在从不吸烟的人中产生了类似的结果，24毫升/年的超额平均下降可归因于超过20 ppb的更长时间。在目前的吸烟者中，那些吸烟时间较长的人每年的降幅超过18毫升(42毫升/年比24毫升/年)。我们的低和高累积暴露组分别花费了超过5ppb TDI的工作时间的2%和15%。在这些人群中观察到的不同健康影响支持NIOSH推荐的5 ppb TDI作为8小时TWA的标准。
The respiratory health of 277 workers in a new toluene diisocyanate (TDI) manufacturing plant was studied prospectively during 5 yr of exposure. Personal TDI monitors were used to continuously measure peak and 8-h time-weighted average (TWA) concentrations in over 2,000 samples. Longitudinal change in pulmonary function was assessed in 223 men in whom 3 or more data points allowed construction of individual slopes of annual change. Regression of annual change on smoking (pack-years), atopic status, and cumulative TDI exposure dichotomized at 68.2 parts per billion (ppb) months into low and high exposure groups showed significant effects of smoking on Spirometrie tests and lung volumes. After adjusting for pack-years of smoking, the 74 men in the high cumulative TDI exposure category had significantly larger declines in FEV1, %FEV, and FEF25-75% than did the 149 men in the low category. Annual change in FEV1was then examined in 6 smoking-exposure categories: in never smokers, average annual decline was 38 ml/yr greater in those with higher cumulative TDI exposure. Current and previous cigarette smokers did not show this effect of cumulative TDI exposure. Analysis of FEV1change by time above 20 ppb TDI yielded a similar result in never smokers, a 24 ml/yr excess average decline attributable to longer time above 20 ppb. In current cigarette smokers, those with longer time above 20 ppb had excess decline of 18 ml/yr (42 versus 24 ml/yr). Our low and high cumulative exposure groups spent 2 and 15%, respectively, of their working time above 5 ppb TDI. The different health effects observed in these groups supports the NIOSH-recommended standard of 5 ppb TDI as an 8-h TWA.