Power in international politics
Power in international politics
复制标题
DOI：
10.1017/s0020818305050010
复制
发表时间：
2005-12-01
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Duvall, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barnett, M;Duvall, R
权力的概念是国际关系的核心。然而，学科讨论往往只重视一种尽管重要的形式：一个行动者控制另一个行动者去做另一个行动者不做的事。通过表现出概念上的偏袒，这门学科不仅忽视了国际政治中不同形式的权力，而且未能发展对全球结果如何产生以及行为者如何被不同地激活和约束以决定其命运的复杂理解。我们认为，国际关系的学者应该采用多种概念的权力，并制定一个概念框架，鼓励严格关注权力的不同形式。我们首先开始通过产生一个分类的权力。权力是在社会关系中并通过社会关系产生的影响，这些影响塑造了行为者决定其环境和命运的能力。这一一般概念包含两个关键的分析维度：权力运作所通过的社会关系的种类（在互动关系中或在构成的社会关系中）;以及产生效果所通过的社会关系的特殊性（特殊/直接或扩散/间接）。这些区别产生了我们的分类法和四个权力概念：强制性，制度性，结构性和生产性。然后，我们说明如何关注权力的多种形式的事项，全球治理和美国帝国的分析。最后，我们敦促学者们警惕这种多概念相互竞争的想法，而是要看到它们之间的联系，以便对权力在国际政治中如何运作产生更有力的理解。
The concept of power is central to international relations. Yet disciplinary discussions tend to privilege only one, albeit important, form: an actor controlling another to do what that other would not otherwise do. By showing conceptual favoritism, the discipline not only overlooks the different forms of power in international politics, but also fails to develop sophisticated understandings of how global outcomes are produced and how actors are differentially enabled and constrained to determine their fates. We argue that scholars of international relations should employ multiple conceptions of power and develop a conceptual framework that encourages rigorous attention to power in its different forms. We first begin by producing a taxonomy of power. Power is the production, in and through social relations, of effects that shape the capacities of actors to determine their circumstances and fate. This general concept entails two crucial, analytical dimensions: the kinds of social relations through which power works (in relations of interaction or in social relations of constitution); and the specificity of social relations through which effects are produced (specific/direct or diffuse/indirect). These distinctions generate our taxonomy and four concepts of power: compulsory, institutional, structural, and productive. We then illustrate how attention to the multiple forms of power matters for the analysis of global governance and American empire. We conclude by urging scholars to beware of the idea that the multiple concepts are competing, and instead to see connections between them in order to generate more robust understandings of how power works in international politics.