Plastic rain in protected areas of the United States
Plastic rain in protected areas of the United States
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DOI：
10.1126/science.aaz5819
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发表时间：
2020-06-12
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Sukumaran, Suja
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brahney, Janice;Hallerud, Margaret;Sukumaran, Suja
预计到2025年，环境中将积累110亿吨塑料。由于塑料是持久性的，它们会破碎成容易受到风夹带的碎片。使用高分辨率的空间和时间数据，我们测试了在潮湿和干燥条件下沉积的塑料是否具有不同的大气生活史。此外，我们报告的速度和沉积到美国偏远的保护区的来源。我们发现，城市中心和再悬浮从土壤或水是湿沉积塑料的主要来源。相比之下，在干燥条件下沉积的塑料尺寸较小，沉积速率与表明较长距离或全球迁移的指数有关。沉积速率平均为每天每平方米132个塑料，相当于每年向美国西部保护区沉积超过1000公吨塑料。
Eleven billion metric tons of plastic are projected to accumulate in the environment by 2025. Because plastics are persistent, they fragment into pieces that are susceptible to wind entrainment. Using high- resolution spatial and temporal data, we tested whether plastics deposited in wet versus dry conditions have distinct atmospheric life histories. Further, we report on the rates and sources of deposition to remote U.S. conservation areas. We show that urban centers and resuspension from soils or water are principal sources for wet-deposited plastics. By contrast, plastics deposited under dry conditions were smaller in size, and the rates of deposition were related to indices that suggest longer-range or global transport. Deposition rates averaged 132 plastics per square meter per day, which amounts to > 1000 metric tons of plastic deposition to western U.S. protected lands annually.