Contrasting changes in taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity during a long‐term succession: insights into assembly processes
Contrasting changes in taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity during a long‐term succession: insights into assembly processes
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2745.12098
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发表时间：
2013-07
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
O. Purschke;Barbara C. Schmid;M. Sykes;P. Poschlod;S. Michalski;W. Durka;I. Kühn;M. Winter;
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
O. Purschke;Barbara C. Schmid;M. Sykes;P. Poschlod;S. Michalski;W. Durka;I. Kühn;M. Winter;
理论预测，扰动后产生生物多样性的过程在演替过程中会发生变化。系统发育和功能（α和β）多样性与分类多样性的比较可以深入了解群落组装在多大程度上是由确定性或随机过程驱动的，但比较方法尚未应用于演替系统。研究人员对从耕地到草地长达270年的时间序列进行了分类、系统发育和功能植物（α和β）多样性的研究。在给定物种多样性水平的情况下，使用零模型来检验功能和系统发育更替是否与随机预期不同。多样性的三个方面在演替过程中表现出不同的变化模式。在演替早期和早期中期，物种丰富度增加，但功能和系统发育多样性没有增加。在演替早期和早期-中期，物种之间的功能相似性高于预测水平，表明非生物过滤器在站点内选择了功能相似的物种集。在演替中后期，物种丰富度没有进一步增加，但功能α多样性显著增加，表明功能冗余的物种被功能更不同的物种所取代。阶段间的功能更替高于预期，也高于阶段内的更替，表明不同的装配过程在不同的演替阶段起作用。合成。多样性不同方面的时空转换分析表明，确定性过程在干扰后的生态系统发展中产生生物多样性，而组装过程的相对重要性随着时间的推移而变化。性状介导的非生物过滤似乎在耕地-草地演替的早期和早期-中期对群落聚集起重要作用，而竞争排斥的相对重要性似乎在演替后期有所增加。系统发育多样性不能很好地反映功能多样性，也不能推断潜在的装配过程。功能确定性组合表明，在物种功能特征的基础上，而不是系统发育的基础上，有可能预测未来干扰后生物多样性和相关生态系统属性的变化。
Theory predicts that the processes generating biodiversity after disturbance will change during succession. Comparisons of phylogenetic and functional (alpha and beta) diversity with taxonomic diversity can provide insights into the extent to which community assembly is driven by deterministic or stochastic processes, but comparative approaches have yet to be applied to successional systems. We characterized taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional plant (alpha and beta) diversity within and between four successional stages in a > 270‐year‐long arable‐to‐grassland chronosequence. Null models were used to test whether functional and phylogenetic turnover differed from random expectations, given the levels of species diversity. The three facets of diversity showed different patterns of change during succession. Between early and early‐mid succession, species richness increased but there was no increase in functional or phylogenetic diversity. Higher than predicted levels of functional similarity between species within the early and early‐mid successional stages, indicate that abiotic filters have selected for sets of functionally similar species within sites. Between late‐mid and late succession, there was no further increase in species richness, but a significant increase in functional alpha diversity, suggesting that functionally redundant species were replaced by functionally more dissimilar species. Functional turnover between stages was higher than predicted, and higher than within‐stage turnover, indicating that different assembly processes act at different successional stages. Synthesis. Analysis of spatial and temporal turnover in different facets of diversity suggests that deterministic processes generate biodiversity during post‐disturbance ecosystem development and that the relative importance of assembly processes has changed over time. Trait‐mediated abiotic filtering appears to play an important role in community assembly during the early and early‐mid stages of arable‐to‐grassland succession, whereas the relative importance of competitive exclusion appears to have increased towards the later successional stages. Phylogenetic diversity provided a poor reflection of functional diversity and did not contribute to inferences about underlying assembly processes. Functionally deterministic assembly suggests that it may be possible to predict future post‐disturbance changes in biodiversity, and associated ecosystem attributes, on the basis of species’ functional traits but not phylogeny.