ALEUTIAN MINK DISEASE VIRUS IN STRIPED SKUNKS (MEPHITIS MEPHITIS): EVIDENCE FOR CROSS-SPECIES SPILLOVER
ALEUTIAN MINK DISEASE VIRUS IN STRIPED SKUNKS (MEPHITIS MEPHITIS): EVIDENCE FOR CROSS-SPECIES SPILLOVER
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DOI：
10.7589/2014-05-141
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Schulte-Hostedde, Albrecht I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nituch, Larissa A.;Bowman, Jeff;Schulte-Hostedde, Albrecht I.
阿留申水貂病病毒（AMDV）引起细小病毒感染，最初以美洲水貂（Neovison vison）为特征，可能对野生易感动物种群产生有害影响。北美是美洲水貂的原产地，AMDV的起源、宿主范围和在野生物种中的流行程度尚不清楚。我们研究了条纹臭鼬（Mephitis Mephitis）和浣熊（Procyon lotor），以确定与水貂共生的物种是否是AMDV在野生水貂和水貂养殖场传播的潜在宿主。41%的臭鼬血清（143/347）中检测到AMDV抗体，32%的臭鼬脾脏（14140）中检测到AMDV核酸，表明臭鼬中AMDV暴露和感染较多。144份貉血中未检测到AMDV抗体。系统发育分析发现一个新发现的AMDV单倍群，由安大略省臭鼬和安大略省自由放养的家貂分离物组成。我们发现臭鼬中AMDV感染频繁，臭鼬和水貂之间AMDV分离株的遗传相似性，以及AMDV从臭鼬传播到水貂的证据支持了臭鼬可能通过跨物种病毒溢出作为野生水貂AMDV的替代宿主和宿主的假设。
Aleutian mink disease virus (AMDV) causes a parvovirus infection, initially characterized in American mink (Neovison vison), that may have harmful effects on wild populations of susceptible animals In North America, where American mink are native, the origin, host range, and prevalence of AMDV in wild species is not clear. We studied striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) and raccoons (Procyon lotor) to determine whether species sympatric with mink are potential reservoirs in the transmission of AMDV to wild mink and mink farms. Antibodies to AMDV were detected in 41% of skunk serum samples (143/347) and AMDV nucleic acids were detected in 32% (14140) of skunk spleen samples by PCR, indicating that AMDV exposure and infection were frequent in skunks. We detected no AMDV antibodies in 144 raccoon blood samples. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a newly identified AMDV haplogroup consisting of isolates from Ontario skunks and a free-ranging domestic mink from Ontario. Our findings of frequent AMDV infection in skunks, close genetic similarity between skunk and mink AMDV isolates, and evidence of AMDV transmission from skunks to mink support the hypothesis that skunks may be acting as alternative hosts and reservoirs of AMDV to wild mink through cross-species virus spillover.