Parasitic worms and inflammatory diseases.
Parasitic worms and inflammatory diseases.
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寄生虫和炎症性疾病。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3024.2006.00879.x
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发表时间：
2006-10
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Cooke, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zaccone, P;Fehervari, Z;Phillips, J M;Dunne, D W;Cooke, A
关于感染是加速还是阻止自身免疫的争论仍然是一个有争议的问题。最近，关于某些未知微生物可能是某些慢性炎症性疾病的起源的说法被越来越多的证据所反驳，这些证据表明，感染率的下降可能在自身免疫性疾病的发病率上升中发挥了重要作用。“卫生假说”最初是为了解释感染发生率和过敏性疾病发病率之间的负相关关系，特别是在发达国家。最近，卫生学假说被扩展到也包括一般的自身免疫性疾病。在各种感染性病原体中，特别强调寄生虫与人类之间的相互作用。蠕虫寄生虫与哺乳动物的免疫系统共同进化了数百万年，在此期间，它们开发了极其有效的策略来调节和逃避宿主的防御，从而保持它们的进化适应性。因此，有理由得出结论，人类的免疫系统是由其与寄生虫的关系塑造的，这可能是维持我们免疫健康的必要要求。充分了解这种关系可能会导致对一系列有害炎症反应的新颖而有效的治疗。
The debate on whether infection precipitates or prevents autoimmunity remains a contentious one. Recently the suggestion that some unknown microbe can be at the origin of some chronic inflammatory diseases has been countered by accumulating evidence that decreasing infection rates might have an important role to play in the rising prevalence of autoimmune disorders. The ‘Hygiene Hypothesis’ was initially postulated to explain the inverse correlation between the incidence of infections and the rise of allergic diseases, particularly in the developed world. Latterly, the Hygiene Hypothesis has been extended to also incorporate autoimmune diseases in general. Amongst the various infectious agents, a particular emphasis has been put on the interaction between parasitic worms and humans. Worm parasites have co-evolved with the mammalian immune system for many millions of years and during this time, they have developed extremely effective strategies to modulate and evade host defences and so maintain their evolutionary fitness. It is therefore reasonable to conclude that the human immune system has been shaped by its relationship with parasitic worms and this may be a necessary requirement for maintaining our immunological health. Fully understanding this relationship may lead to novel and effective treatments for a host of deleterious inflammatory reactions.