Regulation of ovulation by human pheromones
Regulation of ovulation by human pheromones
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DOI：
10.1038/32408
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发表时间：
1998-03-12
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
McClintock, MK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stern, K;McClintock, MK
信息素是空气传播的化学信号，由个人释放到环境中，影响同一物种其他成员的生理或行为(1)。人类产生信息素的想法激发了科学家和公众的想象力，导致了关于信息素存在的广泛说法，然而，这一说法仍未得到证实。在这里，我们调查人类是否产生了调节他人特定神经内分泌机制的化合物，而不是有意识地被检测为气味(从而满足信息素的经典定义)。我们发现，来自月经周期卵泡晚期妇女腋窝的无味化合物加速了受体妇女排卵前黄体激素的激增，缩短了她们的月经周期。来自同一捐献者的腋下化合物在月经周期后期(排卵时)收集时具有相反的效果：它们推迟了受者的黄体生成激素激增，并延长了他们的月经周期。通过在完全受控的实验中显示排卵的时间是可以控制的，这项研究提供了人类信息素的确凿证据。
Pheromones are airborne chemical signals that are released by an individual into the environment and which affect the physiology or behaviour of other members of the same species(1). The idea that humans produce pheromones has excited the imagination of scientists and the public, leading to widespread claims for their existence, which, however, has remained unproven. Here we investigate whether humans produce compounds that regulate a specific neuroendocrine mechanism in other people without being consciously detected as odours (thereby fulfilling the classic definition of a pheromone). We found that odourless compounds from the armpits of women in the late follicular phase of their menstrual cycles accelerated the preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone of recipient women and shortened their menstrual cycles. Axillary (underarm) compounds from the same donors which were collected later in the menstrual cycle (at ovulation) had the opposite effect: they delayed the luteinizing-hormone surge of the recipients and lengthened their menstrual cycles. By showing in a fully controlled experiment that the timing of ovulation can be manipulated, this study provides definitive evidence of human pheromones.