Interspecies transmission and chikungunya virus emergence.
Interspecies transmission and chikungunya virus emergence.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.coviro.2016.02.007
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Weaver SC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tsetsarkin KA;Chen R;Weaver SC
基孔肯雅病毒 (CHIKV) 会导致严重、令人衰弱的慢性关节痛，且发病率高，给受影响社区带来严重的发病率和经济损失。自 20 世纪 50 年代在亚洲首次出现有充分记录以来，CHIKV 已感染了数百万人，并且自 2007 年以来，可能通过病毒血症旅行者广泛传播，从而引发了欧洲、南太平洋和美洲的城市传播。适应性包膜糖蛋白取代促进了一些传播，增强了新载体白纹伊蚊的传播。尽管上位性限制可能会阻止这些突变对目前在美洲传播的亚洲毒株以及去年进口到巴西的非洲 CHIKV 毒株的影响，但随着时间的推移，这些限制最终可能会被克服，从而增加白纹伊蚊在农村和温带地区的传播。 CHIKV 在美洲的地方性稳定性的另一个主要决定因素是其重新进入涉及森林媒介和非人灵长类动物的地方性动物流行循环的能力，黄热病病毒利用了这一机会，但登革热病毒显然没有利用这一机会。
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) causes severe, debilitating, often chronic arthralgia with high attack rates, resulting in severe morbidity and economic costs to affected communities. Since its first well-documented emergence in Asia in the 1950s, CHIKV has infected millions and, since 2007, has spread widely, probably via viremic travelers, to initiate urban transmission in Europe, the South Pacific, and the Americas. Some spread has been facilitated by adaptive envelope glycoprotein substitutions that enhance transmission by the new vector, Aedes albopictus. Although epistatic constraints may prevent the impact of these mutations in Asian strains now circulating in the Americas, as well as in African CHIKV strains imported into Brazil last year, these constraints could eventually be overcome over time to increase the transmission by A. albopictus in rural and temperate regions. Another major determinant of CHIKV endemic stability in the Americas will be its ability to spill back into an enzootic cycle involving sylvatic vectors and nonhuman primates, an opportunity exploited by yellow fever virus but apparently not by dengue viruses.