Effects of aging on efficiency of task switching in a variant of the trail making test
Effects of aging on efficiency of task switching in a variant of the trail making test
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DOI：
10.1037/0894-4105.14.1.102
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Hocking, KJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Salthouse, TA;Toth, J;Hocking, KJ
Trail Making Test （TMT； R. M. Reitan, 1958, 1992）在神经心理学和衰老研究中被广泛使用，部分原因是它被假设为反映执行过程，如计划和转换。然而，该测试的神经认知和基于个体差异的分析是复杂的，因为目标的空间安排不同，只在版本B中使用字母，以及在版本B之前使用版本A时潜在的顺序效应。本文研究了TMT的一个变体（称为连接测试），试图弥补这些缺陷。结构方程模型表明，年龄对连接测验的非交替版本和交替版本（分别类似于TMT版本A和B）没有直接影响；相反，所有与年龄相关的影响都是通过对感知速度的影响来调节的。此外，虽然非交替和交替版本彼此强烈相关，但只有后者与高阶认知的测量具有显著的独立关系。
The Trail Making Test (TMT; R. M. Reitan, 1958, 1992) is extensively used in research in neuropsychology and in aging, in part because it has been postulated to reflect executive processes, such as planning and switching. However, neurocognitive and individual-difference-based analyses of this test are complicated because of different spatial arrangements of targets, the use of letters only in Version B, and potential order effects when Version A is administered prior to Version B. The present article examines a Variant of a TMT (called the Connections Test) that attempts to remedy these deficiencies. A structural equation model suggested that there were no direct effects of age on either the nonalternating or alternating Versions of the Connections Test (analogous to TMT Versions A and B, respectively); rather, all age-related effects were mediated through effects on perceptual speed. Moreover, although the nonalternating and alternating versions were strongly related to one another, only the latter had significant independent relations with measures of higher order cognition.