The impact of co-contaminants and septic system effluent quality on the transport of estrogens and nonylphenols through soil.
The impact of co-contaminants and septic system effluent quality on the transport of estrogens and nonylphenols through soil.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.watres.2009.11.011
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发表时间：
2010-03
期刊：
影响因子：
12.8
通讯作者：
Benjamin D. Stanford;A. Amoozegar;H. Weinberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Benjamin D. Stanford;A. Amoozegar;H. Weinberg
不同水质的废水可能对类固醇雌激素通过土壤进入地下水的运动产生的影响知之甚少。在这项研究中，类固醇雌激素17β-雌二醇(E_2)和雌酮(E_1)通过批式和柱式研究，以考察来自现场污水处理系统(即化粪池系统或分散式系统)的有机废水成分对雌激素通过土壤的传输速率的影响。在间歇和柱状实验中，总有机碳(TOC)含量(作为废水总体质量的替代指标)和在远低于临界胶束浓度的浓度下存在的壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚表面活性剂(NPEO)独立地指示着较早的突破和较少的土壤分配。随着总有机碳浓度的增加，NPEO和废水均导致E_1和E_2的平衡向水相移动，并导致分析物比对照实验更早突破。另一方面，壬基酚的存在对E1或E2的分配没有明显的影响。在有化粪池污水存在的情况下，土壤中类固醇的生物降解率也低于在不含有机物质的对照水中。此外，数据表明，在地下处理之前通过废水处理去除NPEO和TOC可以降低化粪池出水中存在的E1和E2通过土壤进入地下水的运移速度。这项研究对影响降解、转化和迟缓的机制提供了一些见解，并表明TOC和NPEO表面活性物质在雌激素转运中发挥了作用。
The impact that varying qualities of wastewater may have on the movement of steroid estrogens through soils into groundwater is little understood. In this study, the steroid estrogens 17β-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) were followed through batch and column studies to examine the impact that organic wastewater constituents from on-site wastewater treatment systems (i.e., septic systems or decentralized systems) may have on influencing the rate of transport of estrogens through soils. Total organic carbon (TOC) content (as a surrogate indicator of overall wastewater quality) and the presence of nonyl-phenol polyethoxylate surfactants (NPEO) at concentrations well below the critical micelle concentration were independently shown to be indicative of earlier breakthrough and less partitioning to soil in batch and column experiments. Both NPEO and wastewater with increasing TOC concentrations led to shifts in the equilibrium of E1 and E2 towards the aqueous phase and caused the analytes to have an earlier breakthrough than in control experiments. The presence of nonylphenols, on the other hand, did not appreciably impact partitioning of E1 or E2. Biodegradation of the steroids in soil was also lower in the presence of septic tank effluents than in an organic-free control water. Furthermore, the data indicate that the rate of movement of E1 and E2 present in septic tank effluent through soils and into groundwater can be decreased by removing the NPEOs and TOC through wastewater treatment prior to sub-surface disposal. This study offers some insights into mechanisms which impact degradation, transformation, and retardation, and shows that TOC and NPEO surfactants play a role in estrogen transport.