Sensitivity of Streamflow Metrics to Infiltration‐Based Stormwater Management Networks
Sensitivity of Streamflow Metrics to Infiltration‐Based Stormwater Management Networks
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DOI：
10.1029/2019wr026555
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发表时间：
2020-06
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
P. Avellaneda;A. Jefferson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Avellaneda;A. Jefferson
由于雨水控制措施（SCM）捕获的地表径流不透水区，在水平衡和流态组件的转变可能会出现在城市流域，但可检测到的SCM处理这些组件所需的量可能会有所不同。我们使用的土壤和水评估工具（SWAT）水文模型，以评估16个水文指标的敏感性，作为一个越来越密集的雨水花园SCM网络应用于整个西溪流域，靠近克利夫兰，俄亥俄州（美国）。随着SCMs处理面积的增加，年基流增加匹配地表径流减少，而产水量和蒸散量的变化仍然很小。流的峰值响应降雨下降与SCM实施跨风暴大小，范围从阈值降雨深度（4.8毫米）的值高于一个单一的雨花园（19毫米）的设计风暴。SCM网络排水>20%的直接连接的不透水区（DCIA）显着降低了重现期小于1年的排放量，高于平均流量的时间百分比，和闪光。衰退斜率和每年1天和7天的低流量表现出轻微的响应，落在模型的不确定性范围内。水平衡和降雨响应指标表现出最大的敏感性，不同强度的雨水管理，而罕见的高流量和低流量的抵抗检测到的变化，即使在高水平的SCM治疗时，模型的不确定性。
As stormwater control measures (SCMs) capture surface runoff from impervious areas, a shift in the water balance and flow regime components may emerge in urban watersheds, but the amount of SCM treatment needed to detectably shift these components may vary. We used the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrologic model to assess the sensitivity of 16 hydrologic metrics as an increasingly dense rain garden SCM network was applied across the West Creek watershed, near Cleveland, Ohio (USA). As the area treated by SCMs increased, annual baseflow increases matched decreases in surface runoff, while water yield and evapotranspiration changes remained small. The stream's peak response to rainfall decreased with SCM implementation across storm sizes, ranging from the threshold rainfall depth (4.8 mm) to values higher than the design storm of a single rain garden (19 mm). SCM networks draining >20% of directly connected impervious area (DCIA) significantly decreased the magnitude of discharges with a return period of less than 1 year, the percentage of time above mean flow, and flashiness. Recession slopes and annual 1‐ and 7‐day low flows exhibited a slight response that fell within uncertainty limits of the model. Water balance and rainfall response metrics exhibited the greatest sensitivity to different intensities of stormwater management, while infrequent high and low flows were resistant to detectable change even at high levels of SCM treatment when model uncertainty was included.