Young children use motive information to make trait inferences
Young children use motive information to make trait inferences
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DOI：
10.1037/0012-1649.34.2.310
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发表时间：
1998-03-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Gelman, SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Heyman, GD;Gelman, SA
本研究探讨儿童的能力，理解的特点，在心理上有意义的方式。参与者包括4个年龄组的18名个体：幼儿园（5-6岁），2年级（7-8岁），5年级（10-11岁）和成人。他们听了一系列的6个短篇故事，其中一个主要人物基于特定的动机（积极的，消极的或偶然的）执行一个行动，导致另一个角色的积极或消极的情绪后果。参与者评估每个主要角色，并预测角色在不同社会背景下的行为和精神状态。所有年龄组的参与者，甚至是5到6岁的孩子，都做出了受动机信息影响的特质推断。这些结果提供的证据表明，幼儿能够更复杂的推理的特点比以前已经建议。
The present study investigates children's capacity to understand traits in a psychologically meaningful way. Participants included 18 individuals in each of 4 age groups: kindergarten (ages 5-6), 2nd grade (ages 7-8), 5th grade (ages 10-11), and adult. They heard a series of 6 short stories in which a main character performs an action based on a particular motive (positive, negative, or incidental) that results in either a positive or a negative emotional consequence for another character. Participants evaluated each main character and predicted the character's behavior and mental states in different social contexts. Participants in all age groups, even the 5- to 6-year-olds, made trait inferences that were influenced by motive information. These results provide evidence that young children are capable of more sophisticated reasoning about traits than has been suggested previously.