Changing status of three notothenioid fish at the South Shetland Islands (1983-2016) after impacts of the 1970-80s commercial fishery
Changing status of three notothenioid fish at the South Shetland Islands (1983-2016) after impacts of the 1970-80s commercial fishery
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DOI：
10.1007/s00300-017-2125-0
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Ainley, David
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barrera-Oro, Esteban;Marschoff, Enrique;Ainley, David
由于 20 世纪 70 年代末/1980 年代初的商业捕捞，南设得兰群岛周围的目标诺鱼类物种已经枯竭。在此，我们报告了乔治王群岛/五月 25 岛波特湾三种物种 Notothenia rossii、Gobionotothen gibberifrons 和 Notothenia coriiceps 的流行情况的后续变化，这是在 33 年监测恢复的努力中进行的。 N. rossii 和 G. gibberifrons 受到工业捕捞的严重影响，但在近海水域，N. coriiceps 从未进行过商业捕捞；然而，这三个物种都表现出相似的近岸栖息地和生活史。我们检查了 2012 年至 2016 年期间拉网渔获物的成分，扩大了 1983 年开始的时间序列。我们的近海结果与 2007 年和 2012 年南设得兰群岛周围近海底拖网采样的结果一致：(1) 罗西猪笼鱼的丰度持续增加； (2) 幼鱼比例低表明赤鳅补充量进一步下降； (3) 大量的 N. coriiceps。赤霞珠缺乏恢复的原因仍然不清楚，但似乎与该地区生态系统的巨大变化有关，部分原因是气候以及先前枯竭的上营养级物种的恢复。我们的结果也与以这些Notothenioids幼鱼为食的海鸟报告的趋势一致：商业捕捞区域的减少。根据CCAMLR的规定，自1991年以来，南设得兰群岛地区（FAO分区48.1）仍然禁止商业性有鳍鱼类捕捞；结果表明它无法恢复。
Owing to commercial fishing during the late 1970s/early 1980s, targeted notothenioid species had become depleted around the South Shetland Islands. Herein we report subsequent changes in the prevalence of three species, Notothenia rossii, Gobionotothen gibberifrons and Notothenia coriiceps in Potter Cove, King George Islands/Isla 25 de Mayo, in a 33-year effort to monitor recovery. N. rossii and G. gibberifrons had been severely impacted by industrial fishing but in offshore waters N. coriiceps had never been commercially fished; however, all three species exhibit similar nearshore habitats and life history. We examined composition in trammel net catches during 2012-2016, augmenting a time series started in 1983. Our inshore results were consistent with those from offshore bottom trawl sampling in 2007 and 2012 around the South Shetland Islands: (1) continued increase in the abundance of N. rossii; (2) further decline in G. gibberifrons recruitment evidenced by low proportions of juvenile fish; and (3) a high abundance of N. coriiceps. Reasons for lack of recovery in G. gibberifrons remain obscure but seemingly relate to the dramatically changing ecosystem of the region due in part to climate as well as recovery among previously depleted upper trophic level species. Our results are also consistent with trends reported in seabirds that feed on juveniles of these notothenioids: decrease in the areas commercially fished. Under the regulation of CCAMLR, commercial fishing for finfish in the South Shetland Islands region (FAO Subarea 48.1) remains prohibited since 1991; results indicate that it cannot be reinstated.