Dams: Effects of Hydrological Infrastructure on Development
Dams: Effects of Hydrological Infrastructure on Development
复制标题
水坝：水文基础设施对发展的影响
DOI：
10.1146/annurev-resource-100518-093913
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
R. Fishman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Dillon;R. Fishman
水文投资，特别是灌溉水坝，对经济发展具有多种潜在效益。水坝还会产生财务、环境和分配影响，从而影响其效益和成本。本文回顾了水坝对经济发展影响的证据，重点关注农业生产力的水平和变异性，及其对贫困、健康、发电和防洪的影响。我们还审查了灌溉效率和大坝维护集体行动的证据。在整个讨论中，我们强调了限制因果解释影响估计主体的实证挑战以及证据特别薄弱的领域。最后，我们讨论了与大坝影响的长期可持续性有关的新问题，并提出了未来研究的方向。
Hydrological investments, particularly irrigation dams, have multiple potential benefits for economic development. Dams also have financial, environmental, and distributional impacts that can affect their benefits and costs. This article reviews the evidence on the impact of dams on economic development, focusing on the levels and variability of agricultural productivity, and its effect on poverty, health, electricity generation, and flood control. We also review the evidence on irrigation efficiency and collective action of dam maintenance. Throughout the discussion, we highlight the empirical challenges that restrict the body of causally interpretable impact estimates and areas in which the evidence is particularly thin. We conclude with a discussion of emerging issues pertaining to the long-term sustainability of dams’ impacts and suggest directions for future research.