Predicting Object Features Across Saccades: Evidence From Object Recognition and Visual Search
Predicting Object Features Across Saccades: Evidence From Object Recognition and Visual Search
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DOI：
10.1037/a0036781
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发表时间：
2014-10-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Schneider, Werner X.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herwig, Arvid;Schneider, Werner X.
当我们移动眼睛时，由于视觉系统的非均匀性，我们以不同的空间分辨率处理视野中的物体。特别地，外围对象仅被粗略地表示，而它们在中央凹时以高敏锐度表示。为了在眼球运动中跟踪物体的视觉特征，必须考虑空间分辨率的这些变化。在这里，我们开发和测试一个新的框架，提出了一个视觉特征预测机制的基础上，过去的经验，以处理随扫视眼球运动的空间分辨率的变化。在3个实验中，我们首先将参与者暴露于改变的视觉刺激中，在参与者未注意到的情况下，1个物体在扫视过程中系统地改变了视觉特征。实验1和2，然后表明，在周边物体识别的特征预测偏向于以前相关的postsaccadic中央凹输入，这种效果是特别与扫视。此外，实验3表明，在视觉搜索过程中，特征预测偏向于先前关联的preaccadic外围输入。总之，这些发现表明，视觉系统使用过去的经验来预测周边物体在中央凹中的外观，以及中央凹搜索模板在周边的外观。因此，它们支持了我们基于表象理论的框架，并揭示了为什么我们大多数时候都没有意识到周边的敏锐度限制以及我们在周边定位相关物体的能力。
When we move our eyes, we process objects in the visual field with different spatial resolution due to the nonhomogeneity of our visual system. In particular, peripheral objects are only coarsely represented, whereas they are represented with high acuity when foveated. To keep track of visual features of objects across eye movements, these changes in spatial resolution have to be taken into account. Here, we develop and test a new framework proposing a visual feature prediction mechanism based on past experience to deal with changes in spatial resolution accompanying saccadic eye movements. In 3 experiments, we first exposed participants to an altered visual stimulation where, unnoticed by participants, 1 object systematically changed visual features during saccades. Experiments 1 and 2 then demonstrate that feature prediction during peripheral object recognition is biased toward previously associated postsaccadic foveal input and that this effect is particularly associated with making saccades. Moreover, Experiment 3 shows that during visual search, feature prediction is biased toward previously associated presaccadic peripheral input. Together, these findings demonstrate that the visual system uses past experience to predict how peripheral objects will look in the fovea, and what foveal search templates should look like in the periphery. As such, they support our framework based on ideomotor theory and shed new light on the mystery of why we are most of the time unaware of acuity limitations in the periphery and of our ability to locate relevant objects in the periphery.