Vegetable and Fruit Intake, Its Patterns, and Cognitive Function: Cross-Sectional Findings among Older Adults in Anhui, China
Vegetable and Fruit Intake, Its Patterns, and Cognitive Function: Cross-Sectional Findings among Older Adults in Anhui, China
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DOI：
10.1007/s12603-022-1791-y
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发表时间：
2022-05-03
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Yan, Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fangfang, H.;Qiong, W.;Yan, Zhang
目的探讨中国老年人蔬菜水果摄入频率、摄入模式与认知的关系。设计横断面资料来源于安徽省健康长寿调查。设置城市和农村社区。参与者从选定的社区共纳入5410名老年人（60岁或以上）。收集了一周内食用蔬菜和水果的天数数据，并定义了四种摄入模式（V+/F+：每天摄入蔬菜和水果; V+/F-或V-/F+：每天摄入蔬菜或水果; V-/F-：每天不摄入蔬菜或水果）。认知功能采用简易精神状态检查（MMSE）进行测量，轻度认知功能障碍（MCI）根据教育特定标准进行定义。结果非日常蔬菜摄入量与男性MMSE评分降低（β =-0.763，95%CI：-1.463，-0.064）和女性MCI发生率增高（OR：1.409，95%CI：1.037，1.915）相关。在男性和女性中，较少摄入水果与较低的MMSE评分和较高的MCI患病率相关（两性趋势p < 0.001）。与V+/F+组相比，被分为V+/F-和V-/F-组的男性参与者的MMSE评分较低（V+/F-：β =-0.612，95%CI：-1.094，-0.131; V-/F-：β =-1.273，95%CI：-2.090，-0.455）。被分为V+/F-和V-/F-模式的女性MMSE评分较低（V+/F-：β =-0.862，95% CI：-1.320，-0.404; V-/F-：β =-1.293，95% CI：-2.079，-0.507）和MCI风险升高（V+/F-：OR：1.762，95% CI：1.386，2.242; V-/F-：OR：2.180，95% CI：1.505，3.156）。结论蔬菜或水果摄入量低与男性和女性的认知能力较差相关，蔬菜和水果摄入量低的人群的风险更高。健康的饮食习惯，包括每日蔬菜和水果的摄入量，对于男性和女性的认知维持至关重要。
Objectives To examine the associations of vegetable and fruit intake frequency, its patterns, and cognition among older Chinese adults. Design Cross-sectional data obtained from the Anhui Province Healthy Longevity Survey. Setting Urban and rural communities. Participants A total of 5410 older adults (aged 60 or older) were included from selected communities. Measurements Data on the number of days in a typical week that vegetables and fruits were consumed were collected, and the four intake patterns were defined (V+/F+: daily intake of both vegetables and fruit; V+/F- or V-/F+: daily intake of vegetables or fruit; and V-/F-: no daily intake of either vegetables or fruit). Cognitive function was measured using the Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was defined according to education-specific criteria. Results Nondaily vegetable intake was associated with lower MMSE scores (beta = -0.763, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.463, -0.064) among males and a higher likelihood of having MCI (OR: 1.409, 95% CI: 1.037, 1.915) among females. Less frequent intake of fruit was associated with lower MMSE scores and a higher prevalence of MCI among both males and females (p for trends < 0.001 for both sexes). Compared with the V+/F+ group, male participants who were classified into the V+/F- and V-/F- groups had lower MMSE scores (V+/F-: beta = -0.612, 95% CI: -1.094, -0.131; V-/F-: beta = -1.273, 95% CI: -2.090, -0.455). Females classified in the V+/F- and V-/F- patterns had lower MMSE scores (V+/F-: beta = -0.862, 95% CI: -1.320, -0.404; V-/F-: beta = -1.293, 95% CI: -2.079, -0.507) and elevated risks of MCI (V+/F-: OR: 1.762, 95% CI: 1.386, 2.242; V-/F-: OR: 2.180, 95% CI: 1.505, 3.156). Conclusion Lower vegetable or fruit intake was associated with poorer cognitive performance among males and females, and the risk was even higher among those with a low intake of both vegetables and fruits. Healthy eating habits, including daily vegetable and fruit intake, are essential for cognition maintenance in both males and females.