The nuclear events guiding successful nerve regeneration.
The nuclear events guiding successful nerve regeneration.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnmol.2011.00053
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Kiyama H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kiryu-Seo S;Kiyama H
周围神经系统（PNS）神经元在神经损伤后存活并再生，而中枢神经系统（CNS）神经元缺乏这样做的能力。中枢神经系统不能再生可能是由于缺乏内在的生长活性和环境的宽容。为了实现CNS再生，我们可以借鉴PNS中成功的神经再生。PNS中的神经元引起基因表达的动态变化，以响应神经损伤后允许的环境线索。为了在受损的神经元中开启和关闭基因表达，转录因子及其网络应该根据再生程序精心编排。这就是所谓的“轴突生长的内在动力”。神经损伤诱导的候选转录因子越来越多。它们中的一些在体内增强受损神经元的存活和轴突再生;然而，我们对受损神经元中的转录事件的了解仍然有限。这些转录因子如何相互交流？转录机制是如何以适当的协调方式调节多种再生相关基因（RAG）的？在这篇综述中，我们描述了我们目前对增强内在生长能力的损伤诱导转录因子的理解，并提出了特异性蛋白1（Sp1）的潜在作用，它提供了一个平台，以招募损伤诱导转录因子，同时基因调控。最后，我们讨论了一个额外的机制，参与损伤神经元的表观遗传修饰。全面了解受损神经元中的核事件将为成功的神经再生的临床干预提供线索。
Peripheral nervous system (PNS) neurons survive and regenerate after nerve injury, whereas central nervous system (CNS) neurons lack the capacity to do so. The inability of the CNS to regenerate presumably results from a lack of intrinsic growth activity and a permissive environment. To achieve CNS regeneration, we can learn from successful nerve regeneration in the PNS. Neurons in the PNS elicit dynamic changes in gene expression in response to permissive environmental cues following nerve injury. To switch gene expression on and off in injured neurons, transcription factors and their networks should be carefully orchestrated according to the regeneration program. This is the so-called “intrinsic power of axonal growth.” There is an increasing repertoire of candidate transcription factors induced by nerve injury. Some of them potentiate the survival and axonal regeneration of damaged neurons in vivo; however, our knowledge of transcriptional events in injured neurons is still limited. How do these transcription factors communicate with each other? How does the transcriptional machinery regulate the wide variety of regeneration-associated genes (RAGs) in the properly coordinated manner? In this review, we describe our current understanding of the injury-inducible transcriptional factors that enhance the intrinsic growth capacity, and propose a potential role for specificity protein 1 (Sp1), which provides a platform to recruit injury-inducible transcription factors, in simultaneous gene regulation. Finally, we discuss an additional mechanism that is involved in epigenetic modifications in damaged neurons. A comprehensive understanding of the nuclear events in injured neurons will provide clues to clinical interventions for successful nerve regeneration.
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影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Ballas, N;Grunseich, C;Mandel, G
通讯作者：
Mandel, G
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.91.15.7109
发表时间：
1994-07-19
影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
25
作者：
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通讯作者：
Lu, Q. Richard