Vaccinia viruses: vaccines against smallpox and vectors against infectious diseases and tumors.

Vaccinia viruses: vaccines against smallpox and vectors against infectious diseases and tumors.
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DOI:
10.1586/erv.11.79
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发表时间:
2011-08
影响因子:
6.2
通讯作者:
Dolin R
Dolin R
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Walsh SR;Dolin R

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在引入后不到200年,牛痘病毒(VACV)作为天花疫苗的广泛使用已经根除了天花病毒。沿着疫苗接种计划的显著成功,VACV的不良反应频繁,有时甚至严重。根除后,VACV已被保留给可能有正痘病毒感染重大风险的选定人群。过去十年发生的事件再次引起人们对天花病毒可能被用作生物武器的关注。因此,对VACV和减毒衍生物的兴趣增加了,既作为针对天花的疫苗又作为其他疫苗的载体。本文将重点介绍正痘病毒免疫领域的新进展,并将突出使用牛痘病毒作为传染病和恶性肿瘤载体的最新进展。
Less than 200 years after its introduction, widespread use of vaccinia virus (VACV) as a smallpox vaccine has eradicated variola virus. Along with the remarkable success of the vaccination program, frequent and sometimes severe adverse reactions to VACV were encountered. After eradication, VACV has been reserved for select populations who might be at significant risk for orthopoxvirus infections. Events over the past decade have renewed concerns over the potential use of variola virus as a biological weapon. Accordingly, interest in VACV and attenuated derivatives has increased, both as vaccines against smallpox and as vectors for other vaccines. This article will focus on new developments in the field of orthopoxvirus immunization and will highlight recent advances in the use of vaccinia viruses as vectors for infectious diseases and malignancies.
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