Mathematical Modeling of Remdesivir to Treat COVID-19: Can Dosing Be Optimized?

Mathematical Modeling of Remdesivir to Treat COVID-19: Can Dosing Be Optimized?
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DOI:
10.3390/pharmaceutics13081181
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发表时间:
2021-07-31
期刊:
影响因子:
5.4
通讯作者:
Abel Zur Wiesch P
Abel Zur Wiesch P
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Conway JM;Abel Zur Wiesch P

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抗病毒药物瑞德西韦已获得欧洲药品管理局(EMA)和美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)等监管机构批准用于治疗COVID-19。然而,其功效存在争议,并且毒性问题可能会限制该药物的治疗范围。有助于平衡功效和毒性的计算模型将有很大帮助。参数化模型很困难,因为前药瑞德西韦在进入细胞后会代谢为其活性形式(RDV-TP),这使剂量-活性关系变得复杂。在这里,我们采用了一种计算模型,可以根据 RDV-TP 与其在 SARS-CoV-2 中的目标聚合酶的结合亲和力来预测药物疗效。我们确定了最佳输注速度,以最大限度地提高瑞德西韦的疗效。我们还评估了抑制野生型和耐药菌株的药物功效,从而描述了可能选择耐药性的药物方案。我们的结果与使用前药剂量反应曲线(伪 EC)的预测不同。我们预计达到 90% 的抑制率 (EC) 不足以抑制肺部的 SARS-CoV-2。虽然标准剂量会轻微抑制病毒聚合酶,因此可能降低发病率,但我们还期望选择最现实的参数范围的抗性突变体。为了提高疗效并防止耐药性,我们建议进行更多的临床试验,采用大幅提高 RDV-TP 水平和/或将瑞德西韦与伴随抗病毒药物配对的给药方案。
The antiviral remdesivir has been approved by regulatory bodies such as the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the US Food and Drug administration (FDA) for the treatment of COVID-19. However, its efficacy is debated and toxicity concerns might limit the therapeutic range of this drug. Computational models that aid in balancing efficacy and toxicity would be of great help. Parametrizing models is difficult because the prodrug remdesivir is metabolized to its active form (RDV-TP) upon cell entry, which complicates dose–activity relationships. Here, we employ a computational model that allows drug efficacy predictions based on the binding affinity of RDV-TP for its target polymerase in SARS-CoV-2. We identify an optimal infusion rate to maximize remdesivir efficacy. We also assess drug efficacy in suppressing both wild-type and resistant strains, and thereby describe a drug regimen that may select for resistance. Our results differ from predictions using prodrug dose–response curves (pseudo-ECs). We expect that reaching 90% inhibition (EC) is insufficient to suppress SARS-CoV-2 in the lungs. While standard dosing mildly inhibits viral polymerase and therefore likely reduces morbidity, we also expect selection for resistant mutants for most realistic parameter ranges. To increase efficacy and safeguard against resistance, we recommend more clinical trials with dosing regimens that substantially increase the levels of RDV-TP and/or pair remdesivir with companion antivirals.
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