Activated human eosinophils.
Activated human eosinophils.
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激活的人类嗜酸性粒细胞。
DOI：
10.1159/000089189
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发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Dvorak,AnnM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Melo,RossanaCN;Weller,PeterF;Dvorak,AnnM
嗜酸性粒细胞是白细胞，当受到细胞因子或趋化因子的刺激时，被激活并释放储存在其优势细胞质颗粒（称为特异性或次级颗粒）[1]中的介质。活化的嗜酸性粒细胞形态十分明显。在一系列炎症和过敏性疾病或生理刺激下，活化的嗜酸性粒细胞通常被视为充满颗粒的细胞，但这些结构正在经历其内容物的渐进式损失，颗粒外膜保留，这一过程被称为“碎片脱粒”[2,3]（图2）。1)。因此，在细胞切片[3]中，总是可以看到完整（图1a，星号）和增大、空化（图1a，箭头）颗粒的混合群体。同时，特定颗粒数也会减少。图1b显示了一个罕见的活化的嗜酸性粒细胞，摄于嗜酸性粒细胞过多的患者。当单个特异性颗粒（Gr）在细胞质中与亲锇脂质体（LB）结合时，细胞表面显示出精细的突起，表明激活。被称为“嗜酸性粒细胞帽状囊泡”（EoSV）的小泡管结构（图1b，箭头）最近与嗜酸性粒细胞分泌途径相关[4,5]，存在于细胞质中。这种囊泡群是嗜酸性粒细胞所特有的，当特定颗粒不存在时，可以通过电子显微镜迅速识别这些细胞。
Eosinophils are leukocytes which, when stimulated with cytokines or chemokines, become activated and release mediators stored in their dominant population of cytoplasmic granules (termed specific or secondary granules)[1]. The morphology of activated eosinophils is quite distinct. In a range of inflammatory and allergic disorders or upon physiological stimulation, activated eosinophils are generally seen as cells full of granules, but these structures are undergoing progressive losses of their contents with retention of granule outer membranes, a process known as ‘piecemeal degranulation’[2, 3](fig. 1a). As a result, a mixed population of intact (fig. 1a, asterisks) and enlarged, emptying (fig. 1a, arrows) granules is always visualized in cell sections [3]. Also, a decrease of specific granule numbers can occur [3]. A rare view of an activated eosinophil is shown in figure 1b taken from a hypereosinophilic subject. While a single specific granule (Gr) is seen in the cytoplasm in conjunction with an osmiophilic lipid body (LB), the cell surface shows elaborate projections indicative of activation. Vesiculotubular structures (fig. 1b, arrowheads), termed ‘eosinophil sombrero vesicles’(EoSV) and recently associated with the eosinophil secretory pathway [4, 5] reside in the cytoplasm. This vesicle population is unique to eosinophils and allows the prompt identification of these cells by electron microscopy when specific granules are not present [3].