The impact of tillage practices on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity in subtropical crops
The impact of tillage practices on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal diversity in subtropical crops
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DOI：
10.1890/07-0521.1
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发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Bianciotto, V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alguacil, M. M.;Lumini, E.;Bianciotto, V.
丛枝菌根真菌（Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi，AMF）是土壤微生物区系的重要组成部分。作为专性互惠共生体，它们定殖于大多数植物的根部，包括农作物。我们使用分子技术来研究不同的耕作制度（犁板，切碎，被褥，底土，免耕）可以影响AM真菌群落殖民玉米，大豆，高粱根在位于墨西哥塔毛利帕斯州北方的实验地点。用AM真菌特异性引物对36株植物的根进行了分析，以部分扩增核糖体DNA基因的小亚基（SSU）。对880多个克隆进行了限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）变异筛选，并对其中173个克隆进行了测序。鉴定出10种AM真菌类型，并将其聚类为3个AM真菌科：巨孢霉科、球囊霉科和副球囊霉科。球囊霉属是所有样品中的优势类群。10个已鉴定的类型中有4个与任何先前公布的序列不同，可能对应于已知的未测序物种或未知物种。4种耕作制度下AMF群落的真菌多样性均较低，但多维尺度分析和对数线性饱和模型表明，耕作制度对AMF群落的组成有显著影响。总之，由于一些真菌类型是特定的处理，农业措施可以直接或间接地影响AM生物多样性。
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are a main component of soil microbiota in most agrosystems. As obligately mutualistic symbionts, they colonize the roots of the majority of plants, including crop plants. We used molecular techniques to investigate how different tillage systems (moldboard, shred-bedding, subsoil-bedding, and no tillage) can influence the AM fungal community colonizing maize, bean, and sorghum roots in an experimental site located in northern Tamaulipas, Mexico. Roots from 36 plants were analyzed using AM fungal-specific primers to partially amplify the small subunit (SSU) of the ribosomal DNA genes. More than 880 clones were screened for restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) variation, and 173 of these were sequenced. Ten AM fungal types were identified and clustered into three AM fungal families: Gigasporaceae, Glomaceae, and Paraglomaceae. Glomus was the dominating taxon in all the samples. Four of the 10 identified types were distinct from any previously published sequences and could correspond to either known unsequenced species or unknown species. The fungal diversity was low in the four agriculture management systems, but the multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis and log-linear-saturated model indicated that the composition of the AMF community was significantly affected by the tillage system. In conclusion, since some fungal types were treatment specific, agricultural practices could directly or indirectly influence AM biodiversity.