Quantum jump approach to microscopic heat engines
Quantum jump approach to microscopic heat engines
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevresearch.2.033449
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发表时间：
2020-05
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Paul Menczel;C. Flindt;K. Brandner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Paul Menczel;C. Flindt;K. Brandner
现代技术很快就可以通过计算其工作系统发射和吸收的光子来研究量子热机的运行周期。使用量子跳跃方法的开放系统动力学，我们表明，这样的实验将提供一组可观测值，确定在有限时间发动机循环的功率和效率之间的权衡。通过分析热产生和熵产生等热力学通量的单跳统计量，得到了一族关于微观热机功率的一般界。我们的新边界统一了两个早期的结果，并承认一个透明的物理解释单光子测量。此外，这些界限证实，驱动诱导的相干性导致耗散的增加，抑制了慢驱动的量子引擎在弱耦合制度的效率。基于超导量子比特的纳米级热机是一个实验相关的例子，也是我们理论发展的指导范式。
Modern technologies could soon make it possible to investigate the operation cycles of quantum heat engines by counting the photons that are emitted and absorbed by their working systems. Using the quantum jump approach to open-system dynamics, we show that such experiments would give access to a set of observables that determine the trade-off between power and efficiency in finite-time engine cycles. By analyzing the single-jump statistics of thermodynamic fluxes such as heat and entropy production, we obtain a family of general bounds on the power of microscopic heat engines. Our new bounds unify two earlier results and admit a transparent physical interpretation in terms of single-photon measurements. In addition, these bounds confirm that driving-induced coherence leads to an increase in dissipation that suppresses the efficiency of slowly driven quantum engines in the weak-coupling regime. A nanoscale heat engine based on a superconducting qubit serves as an experimentally relevant example and a guiding paradigm for the development of our theory.