Challenge of synthetic cellulose
Challenge of synthetic cellulose
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DOI：
10.1002/pola.20662
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发表时间：
2005-02-15
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kobayashi, S
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文献类型：
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作者：
Kobayashi, S
这篇文章着重于纤维素的化学合成是为什么和如何完成的。纤维素的合成是半个世纪来高分子化学中一个重要而又具有挑战性的课题。为了合成，开发了一种新的酶促聚合方法。设计了一种β-D-纤维二糖基氟化物（β-CF）单体，并将其用于纤维素酶催化，首次合成了纤维素。纤维素酶是纤维素的水解酶。纤维素酶在体内固有地催化纤维素的键断裂，在体外通过β-CF的缩聚催化键形成。人们认为聚合和水解涉及一个共同的中间体（过渡态）。这一观点使我们产生了一个新的概念，过渡态模拟底物。用于单体的设计。利用生物技术制备纤维素酶蛋白，揭示了纤维素酶在纤维素水解和聚合中的催化作用。高阶分子结构原位形成，并观察到原纤维（纤维素1）和球晶（纤维素11）。在sini小角中子散射测量表明，分形表面形成的合成纤维素大会。将纤维素合成的原理推广到其它天然高分子的合成。如木聚糖和直链淀粉。和非天然多糖。(C)2004年威利期刊公司
This article focuses on why and how the chemical synthesis of cellulose was accomplished. The synthesis of cellulose was an important, challenging problem for half a century in polymer chemistry. For the synthesis, a new method of enzymatic polymerization was developed. A monomer of P-D-cellobiosyl fluoride (beta-CF) was designed and subjected to cellulase catalysis, which led to synthetic cellulose for the first time. Cellulase is a hydrolysis enzyme of cellulose:. cellulase, inherently catalyzing the bond cleavage of cellulose in vivo, catalyzes the bond formation via the polycondensation of beta-CF in vitro. It is thought that the polymerization and hydrolysis involve a common intermediate (transition state). This view led us to a new concept, a transition-state analogue substrate. for the design of the monomer. The preparation of cellulase proteins with biotechnology revealed die enzymatic catalytic functions in the hydrolysis and polymerization to cellulose. High-order molecular structures were in situ formed and observed as fibrils (cellulose 1) and spherulites (cellulose 11). In sini small-angle neutron scattering measurements suggested a fractal surface formation of a synthetic cellulose assembly. The principle of cellulose synthesis was extended to the synthesis of other natural polvsaccharides. such as xylan and amylose. and unnatural polysaccharides. (C) 2004 Wiley periodicals, Inc.