Mechanism of Delayed Convulsion in Fish: The Actions of Norepinephrine in Spinal Cord
Mechanism of Delayed Convulsion in Fish: The Actions of Norepinephrine in Spinal Cord
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DOI：
10.3390/fishes6020012
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Cheng-Linn Lee;Y. Kominami;H. Ushio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cheng-Linn Lee;Y. Kominami;H. Ushio
颅骨穿刺（CS）是最流行的屠宰方法之一，用于延迟鱼类肌肉的僵硬进展。然而，它可能会导致抽搐（后来称为延迟性抽搐），这会破坏肉质和口感。本研究旨在阐明迟发性惊厥的机制及其对ATP消耗的影响。10条鲤鱼，9条罗非鱼，10条虹鳟鱼，2条香鱼，3条绿鳞鱼，35条红鲷，2条条纹杰克和2条石比目鱼在延髓区周围进行CS，这引起了每个物种特有的不同延迟惊厥特征。去甲肾上腺素（NE）的行动有关的延迟惊厥，27红鲷，一个代表性的鱼类表现出延迟惊厥，用单胺消耗剂，利血平，或与单胺氧化酶抑制剂，帕吉林，CS前两个小时进行了治疗。另一组采用脊髓破坏术（SCD）完全阻断脊髓功能。与对照组（仅CS）相比，利血平、帕吉林和SCD组的延迟惊厥和ATP消耗均显著抑制。这表明，延迟惊厥是主要的ATP消耗反应。我们的研究结果表明，延迟性阵挛性惊厥与脊髓NE水平的迅速下降，从而引发反弹运动神经元过度活跃有关。
Cranial spiking (CS) is among the most popular slaughtering methods for delaying the rigor mortis progress of fish muscles. However, it may cause a convulsion (subsequently referred to as delayed convulsion), which undermines the meat quality and taste. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying the delayed convulsion and examine its influence on ATP consumption. Ten carps, nine tilapias, ten rainbow trouts, two ayus, three greenling, thirty-five red seabreams, two striped jack and two stone flounders underwent CS around the medulla oblongata area, which induced different delayed convulsion profiles specific to each species. To investigate the norepinephrine (NE) actions related to delayed convulsion, 27 red seabreams, a representative fish species that exhibits delayed convulsion, were treated with a monoamine-depleting agent, reserpine, or with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, pargyline, two hours before CS. Spinal cord destruction (SCD) was employed to completely prevent spinal cord functions of the fish in another group. Compared with the control group (CS only), the reserpine, pargyline, and SCD groups showed significantly inhibited delayed convulsion and ATP consumption. This suggests that delayed convulsion is the main ATP-consuming response. Our findings suggest that delayed clonic convulsion in red seabreams is associated with the rapid decrease in spinal cord NE levels, which triggered the rebound motor neuron hyperactivity.