Nanoscale subsurface dynamics of solids upon high-intensity femtosecond laser irradiation observed by grazing-incidence x-ray scattering
Nanoscale subsurface dynamics of solids upon high-intensity femtosecond laser irradiation observed by grazing-incidence x-ray scattering
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevresearch.4.033038
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发表时间：
2022-07
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
L. Randolph;M. Banjafar;T. Preston;T. Yabuuchi;M. Makita;N. Dover;C. Rödel;S. Göde;Y. Inubushi;G. Jakob;J. Kaa;A. Kon;J. Koga;D. Ksenzov;T. Matsuoka;M. Nishiuchi;M. Paulus;F. Schon;K. Sueda;Y. Sentoku;T. Togashi;M. Bussmann;T. Cowan;M. Kläui;C. Fortmann-Grote;Lingen Huang;A. Mancuso;T. Kluge;C. Gutt;M. Nakatsutsumi
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文献类型：
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作者：
L. Randolph;M. Banjafar;T. Preston;T. Yabuuchi;M. Makita;N. Dover;C. Rödel;S. Göde;Y. Inubushi;G. Jakob;J. Kaa;A. Kon;J. Koga;D. Ksenzov;T. Matsuoka;M. Nishiuchi;M. Paulus;F. Schon;K. Sueda;Y. Sentoku;T. Togashi;M. Bussmann;T. Cowan;M. Kläui;C. Fortmann-Grote;Lingen Huang;A. Mancuso;T. Kluge;C. Gutt;M. Nakatsutsumi
观察超快激光引起的纳米尺度系统的结构变化对于理解强烈的光-物质相互作用的动力学是必不可少的。对于激光强度的顺序，高度碰撞等离子体产生的表面和以下。随后的传输过程，如热传导，电子离子热化，表面烧蚀和再固化发生在皮秒和纳秒的时间尺度。成像方法，例如，使用X射线自由电子激光器（XFEL），迄今为止还不能以适当的时间和空间分辨率测量激光-固体相互作用的深度分辨次表面动力学。在这里，我们展示了皮秒掠入射小角度X射线散射（GISAXS）从激光产生的等离子体使用XFEL脉冲。使用多层（ML）样品，表面烧蚀和亚表面密度动态测量与纳米深度分辨率。我们的实验数据挑战了极端条件下最先进的物质建模，并为激光材料加工和高能量密度科学开辟了新的前景。
Observing ultrafast laser-induced structural changes in nanoscale systems is essential for understanding the dynamics of intense light-matter interactions. For laser intensities on the order of, highly collisional plasmas are generated at and below the surface. Subsequent transport processes such as heat conduction, electron-ion thermalization, surface ablation, and resolidification occur at picosecond and nanosecond timescales. Imaging methods, e.g., using x-ray free-electron lasers (XFEL), were hitherto unable to measure the depth-resolved subsurface dynamics of laser-solid interactions with appropriate temporal and spatial resolution. Here we demonstrate picosecond grazing-incidence small-angle x-ray scattering (GISAXS) from laser-produced plasmas using XFEL pulses. Using multilayer (ML) samples, both the surface ablation and subsurface density dynamics are measured with nanometer depth resolution. Our experimental data challenges the state-of-the-art modeling of matter under extreme conditions and opens new perspectives for laser material processing and high-energy density science.