The Climate, Environment and Industries of Stone Age Greece: Part I
The Climate, Environment and Industries of Stone Age Greece: Part I
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石器时代希腊的气候、环境和工业：第一部分
DOI：
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发表时间：
1964
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
P. Mellars
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. I. Dakaris;E. Higgs;R. Hey;H. Tippett;P. Mellars
本文是1962年在雅典英国考古学院赞助下对马其顿和伊庇鲁斯部分地区进行调查的结果。1963年，在伊庇鲁斯的视察官S. I. Dakaris的主持下，进行了挖掘工作，以证实从早期调查中得出的一些假设。这项工作的费用部分由英国科学院和剑桥考古与民族学博物馆承担，部分由探险队成员自己承担。本文拟将这些考察的一些发现记录下来。在1964年取得进一步资料后，将发表对这些问题的更详细的审议。1962年以前，人们对希腊石器时代的工业知之甚少。与西欧、中欧、俄罗斯和黎凡特建立的工业序列相比，希腊在旧石器时代的地图上实际上是一片空白。直到1923年，jard<e:1>还写道，在希腊的土地上没有发现一件旧石器时代的工具。除了Breuil认为出处不确定的三个碎片属于旧石器时代晚期，以及Obermaier注意到的来自萨洛尼基的一个碎片之外，直到德国和意大利占领希腊和阿尔巴尼亚之前，似乎没有进一步的进展。1941年，斯坦普夫斯在底比斯和勒瓦底亚之间挖掘了塞迪洞穴。他发现了一个行业，其中包含了后刀片、燃烧器、肩尖和厚刮刀。这是没有日期的，但它是一个类似于Gravettoid的行业，可能处于完全发展甚至后期阶段。Mustilli还在1941年报告了在阿尔巴尼亚发现旧石器时代中期工业的发现。从那时起，Servais注意到伯罗奔尼撒半岛明显存在早期的燧石，随后Leroi-Gourhan在1962年对这一事实进行了调查。贝勒也报道了一些勒瓦卢瓦类型的雪花。然而，最重要的工作是miloj<e:1>伊奇的工作，发表于1958年，产生于前几年德国色萨利远征的工作。
This paper is the result of a survey of a part of Macedonia and Epirus carried out in 1962 and sponsored by the British School of Archaeology at Athens. In 1963 under the aegis of S. I. Dakaris, ephor of Epirus, excavations were carried out to confirm some of the hypotheses resulting from the earlier survey. The cost of the work was defrayed partly by the British Academy and the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at Cambridge, and partly by the members of the expeditions themselves. In this paper it is proposed to place on record some of the findings of these expeditions. A more detailed consideration of them will be published after further information has been acquired in 1964. Prior to 1962 little was known of the Stone Age industries of Greece. In contrast with the industrial successions established in Western Europe, Central Europe, Russia and the Levant, Greece had remained virtually a blank on the Palaeolithic map. As late as 1923 Jardé had written that not a single palaeolithic tool was known from Greek soil. Apart from three pieces of uncertain provenance attributed by Breuil to the Upper Palaeolithic, and one from Saloniki noted by Obermaier, no further progress seems to have been made until the German and Italian occupation of Greece and Albania. In 1941 Stampfuss dug the cave of Seidi between Thebes and Levadia. He discovered an industry which contained backed-blades, burins, shouldered points and thick scrapers. It is undated, but is a Gravettoid industry, possibly at a fully developed or even later stage. Mustilli also reported in 1941 the finding of a Middle Palaeolithic industry in Albania. Since that time Servais has noted the presence of apparently early flints in the Peloponnese, a fact subsequently investigated by Leroi-Gourhan in 1962. Byelor has also reported some flakes of Levallois type. The most important work, however, has been that of Milojčić, published in 1958, and arising out of the work in previous years of the German Thessaly Expedition.