Fossilization potential of marine assemblages and environments
Fossilization potential of marine assemblages and environments
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海洋组合和环境的化石潜力
作者：
J. Shaw;D. Briggs;P. Hull
化石记录提供了生命历史的唯一直接记录，但它是不完整的。区分缺失的东西和根本没有保存的东西对于宏观进化和宏观生态学推论至关重要。将海洋生物地理信息系统数据库 (OBIS) 中 20,000 多个现代海洋组合的多样性数据与古生物学数据库 (PBDB) 中的化石出现数据进行比较，得出了组合水平化石化潜力的全球评估。我们使用两种不同的指标，即类群石化潜力和环境内石化潜力，分别评估现代群落中存在 PBDB 发生或同一环境中存在 PBDB 发生的类群比例。海洋属的类群石化潜力因环境而异，从浅水和深水的 34%，到珊瑚礁的 44%，海山的 51%，以及中上层组合的 15%。相比之下，环境内的石化潜力不超过 32%（在浅水中），低于其他研究中获得的值，并且可能为零（在海山和远洋环境中）。这些差异主要是岩石记录中的代表性和采样偏差的产物，而不是分类单元持续时间的产物。
The fossil record provides the only direct record of the history of life, but it is an incomplete one. Discriminating between what is absent and what is simply not preserved is critical to macroevolutionary and macroecological inferences. A comparison of diversity data in over 20,000 modern marine assemblages from the Ocean Biogeographic Information System database (OBIS) with fossil occurrence data from the Paleobiology Database (PBDB) yielded a global assessment of assemblage-level fossilization potential. We used two different metrics, taxon fossilization potential and within-environment fossilization potential, to assess the proportion of taxa in a modern community with PBDB occurrences or with PBDB occurrences in the same environment, respectively. Taxon fossilization potential of marine genera varies between environments, from 34% in shallow and deep water to 44% in coral reefs, 51% on seamounts, and 15% in pelagic assemblages. Within-environment fossilization potential, in contrast, does not exceed 32% (in shallow water), a lower value than that obtained in other studies, and it may be zero (on seamounts and pelagic environments). These differences are mainly a product of representation in the rock record and sampling biases rather than taxon duration.