Collective behavior in road crossing pedestrians: the role of social information
Collective behavior in road crossing pedestrians: the role of social information
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/beheco/arq141
复制
发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Krause, Jens
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Faria, Jolyon J.;Krause, Stefan;Krause, Jens
社会信息的使用在广泛的群居动物中很常见，尤其是在人类中。我们调查了行人在一个潜在危险的场景中使用社会信息的情况：在十字路口。为了判断交通中的安全距离，行人可以使用社会信息，例如他人的过马路行为，并跟随他人过马路。我们通过分析行人的起始位置和过马路顺序来测试行人是否跟随其他人。首先，我们发现过马路的行人的邻居倾向于在其他等待的行人之前过马路，并且在观察到的行人中，这种倾向明显高于零模型（一种行人不互相跟随的模拟）。此外，通过拟合零模型，我们发现，如果一个人的邻居开始过马路，那么他过马路的可能性平均会增加1.5-2.5倍。其次，我们发现男性比女性更倾向于追随他人。第三，我们观察到一些个体开始穿越，然后又回到路边。这些人更常出现在群体中，并且倾向于比其他行人更晚开始过马路。这些观察结果表明，其中一些人对穿越时间做出了错误的决定，这是由于社会信息的使用。最后，我们提出，减少等待时间带来的相对较小的好处是以增加受伤风险为代价的，这使得社会信息使用的有益价值在这种情况下受到质疑。
Social information use is common in a wide range of group-living animals, notably in humans. We investigated social information use by pedestrians in a potentially dangerous scenario: at a road crossing. To judge a safe gap in traffic, pedestrians can use social information, such as the crossing behavior of others, and follow others across the road. We tested if pedestrians followed others in this scenario by analyzing pedestrian starting position and crossing order. First, we found that neighbors of a crossing pedestrian tended to cross before other waiting pedestrians and that this tendency was significantly higher in observed pedestrians than in a null model: a simulation in which pedestrians did not follow each other. Also, by fitting the null model, we found that on average a person was 1.5-2.5 times more likely to cross if their neighbor had started to cross. Second, we found that males tended to follow others more than females. Third, we observed that some individuals started to cross and then returned to the roadside. These individuals were more frequently found in groups and tended to start to cross relatively later than other pedestrians. These observations suggest that some of these individuals made incorrect decisions about the timing of their crossing and that this was due to social information use. Finally, we propose that the relatively small benefit of a reduced waiting time came at the cost of an increased risk of injury, making the beneficial value of social information use questionable in this context.