Observation of atmospheric CO2 and CO at Shangri-La station: results from the only regional station located at southwestern China
Observation of atmospheric CO2 and CO at Shangri-La station: results from the only regional station located at southwestern China
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香格里拉站大气CO2和CO观测：中国西南唯一区域站的结果
DOI：
10.3402/tellusb.v68.28506
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Li, Zou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fang, Shuangxi;Tans, Pieter P.;Li, Zou
自2010年9月以来，在中国香格里拉站（28.02 ° N，99.73 ° E，3580 masl）利用光腔衰荡光谱仪连续测量了大气中CO2和CO的摩尔分数。该站位于中国西南偏远地区，是该地区唯一具备温室气体观测背景条件的台站。该站周围的植被冠层主要是针叶林和山地草甸，在360公里半径内没有大城市（人口超过100万）。考虑2010年9月至2014年5月的数据，研究了摩尔分数，增长率，长距离传输的影响以及加权潜在CO源贡献函数（WPSCF）的特征。夏季CO2的日变化受区域陆地生态系统的影响很大，最大值出现在当地时间7：00，最小值出现在下午晚些时候。日周期中最高的峰底振幅在夏季，值为18.2 +/- 2.0 ppm。区域CO2的年增长率估计为2.5 +/- 1.0 ppm yr（-1）（1-sigma），接近Mt. Waliguan世界气象组织/全球大气监测（WMO/GAW）全球站（2.2 +/- 0.8 ppm yr（-1）），也位于青藏高原，但以北900公里。在香格里拉观测到的CO摩尔分数在大空间尺度（可能是大陆/次大陆）和区域尺度上都具有代表性。每年的CO增长率估计为- 2.6 +/- 0.2 ppb yr（-1）（1-sigma）。但CO在大陆/次大陆尺度上的下降速率明显大于区域尺度。后向轨迹研究表明，除夏季和秋季部分时段外，香格里拉大气CO浓度主要受北方非洲和西南亚的输送影响。WPSCF的分析表明，香格里拉站的西部和西南部地区（印度，缅甸和孟加拉国）可能是最重要的CO源。
Mole fractions of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) have been continuously measured since September 2010 at the Shangri-La station (28.02 degrees N, 99.73 degrees E, 3580 masl) in China using a cavity ring-down spectrometer. The station is located in the remote southwest of China, and it is the only station in that region with background conditions for greenhouse gas observations. The vegetation canopy around the station is dominated by coniferous forests and mountain meadows and there is no large city (population >1 million) within a 360 km radius. Characteristics of the mole fractions, growth rates, influence of long-distance transport as well as the Weighted Potential CO Sources Contribution Function (WPSCF) were studied considering data from September 2010 to May 2014. The diurnal CO2 variation in summer indicates a strong influence of regional terrestrial ecosystem with the maximum CO2 value at 7: 00 (local time) and the minimum in late afternoon. The highest peak-to-bottom amplitude in the diurnal cycles is in summer, with a value of 18.2 +/- 2.0 ppm. The annual growth rate of regional CO2 is estimated to be 2.5 +/- 1.0 ppm yr(-1) (1-sigma), which is close to that of the Mt. Waliguan World Meteorological Organization/Global Atmosphere Watch (WMO/GAW) global station (2.2 +/- 0.8 ppm yr(-1)), that is also located at the Tibetan plateau but 900 km north. The CO mole fractions observed at Shangri-La are representative for both in large spatial scale (probably continental/subcontinental) and regional scale. The annual CO growth rate is estimated to be - 2.6 +/- 0.2 ppb yr(-1) (1-sigma). But the CO rate of decrease in continental/subcontinental scale is apparently larger than the regional scale. From the back trajectory study, it could be seen that the atmospheric CO mole fractions at Shangri-La are subjected to transport from the Northern Africa and Southwestern Asia sectors except for summer and part of autumn. The WPSCF analysis indicates that the western and southwestern areas of the Shangri-La station (India, Myanmar and Bangladesh) may be the most important CO sources.