Fluctuation theorem between non-equilibrium states in an RC circuit
Fluctuation theorem between non-equilibrium states in an RC circuit
复制标题
RC 电路中非平衡态之间的涨落定理
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
H. Kantz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Granger;J. Mehlis;É. Roldán;S. Ciliberto;H. Kantz
涨落定理对小系统在脱离平衡状态时观察到负熵产生的概率施加了约束。涨落定理的有效性范围已被广泛地用于平衡和非平衡平稳状态之间的转换，但尚未用于一般非平衡状态之间的转换。在这里，我们报告了两个非平衡态之间的等温转变中产生的熵总量的详细涨落定理的实验验证。实验装置是一个由交流电驱动的并联RC电路。我们研究了系统释放的热量、系统熵的变化和不同持续时间过程产生的熵的统计。结果表明，对于不同频率、不同幅值的电流驱动，涨落定理具有较高的精度。
Fluctuation theorems impose constraints on the probability of observing negative entropy production in small systems driven out of equilibrium. The range of validity of fluctuation theorems has been extensively tested for transitions between equilibrium and non-equilibrium stationary states, but not between general non-equilibrium states. Here we report an experimental verification of the detailed fluctuation theorem for the total amount of entropy produced in the isothermal transition between two non-equilibrium states. The experimental setup is a parallel RC circuit driven by an alternating current. We investigate the statistics of the heat released, of the variation of the entropy of the system, and of the entropy produced for processes of different durations. We show that the fluctuation theorem is satisfied with high accuracy for current drivings at different frequencies and different amplitudes.